[外语课件]独立主格结构.pptVIP

独立主格结构 1）Night enshrouding the earth，nobody could make out what the dark mass was from a distance．（黑夜笼罩大地，谁也看不清远处黑压压的一片是什么东西。） 2）He lay at full length upon his stomach，his head resting upon his left forearm．（他的脊背朝天，四肢伸展，头枕着左臂，直挺挺地趴伏着。） 独立主格结构多用于书面语，尤其是描述性语言中，在口语和非正式文体中，一般用从句或两个句子来代替。例如，上述例句可变为：1）Because night enshrouded the earth， nobody could make out what the dark mass was from a distance． 2）He lay at full length upon his stomach．His head rested upon his left forearm． 二、独立主格结构的特殊构成形式 独立主格结构除上述基本构成形式，即名词／代词＋分词（短语）外，还有如下特殊构成形式。1．名词＋介词短语1）The mayor of Hiroshima strode at（大步走在） a leisure pace toward the puzzled journalist，a bunch of flowers in his hands．（广岛市市长双手捧着一束鲜花，迈着方步走向那个迷惑不解的记者。） 三、独立主格结构的用法 独立主格结构在句中一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。 1．作时间状语 1）My shoes removed，I entered a low-ceilinged room，treading cautiously on the soft tatami matting． ＝After my shoes were removed， I entered a low-ceilinged room，treading cautiously on the soft tatami matting．（我脱掉鞋子后，走进一间屋顶很低的房间，小心翼翼地踩在柔软的塌塌米垫子上。） 2）The governor pondering the matter， more strikers gathered across his path． ＝While the governor was pondering the matter，more strikers gathered across his path．（总督思考这个问题时，更多的罢工工人聚集在他要通过的路上。） 2．作条件状语1）Weather permitting，they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow． ＝If weather permits，they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow．（如果天气允许的话，他们将在明天组织一次海滨小游。）2）Such being the case，you have no grounds for dismissing him． ＝If such is the case，you have no grounds for dismissing him．（如果情况如此的话，你没有理由解聘他。） 3．作原因状语 1）The storm drawing near，the navvy decided to call it a day． ＝Since the storm was drawing near，the navvy decided to call it a day．（由于暴风雨即将来临，那个挖土小工决定收工。）2）The Cossack being intent on his stalking，his foot touched the protruding bough that was the trigger． ＝Because the Cossack was intent on his stalking，his foot touched the protruding bough that was the trigger．（这位哥萨克人只顾专心致志地朝前大步走着，所以一只脚踩上了伸出地面的树枝，那是一个机关的起动装置。） 4．作伴随状语1）I took my ticket，and marched proudly