美国数学建模竞赛特等奖论文——2005 A O Z Catastrophic Consequences of Earthquake Destruction of the Saluda Dam【数学建模】.pdfVIP

220 The UMAPJournal 26.3 (2005) Catastrophic Consequences of Earthquake Destruction of the Saluda Dam Miika Klemetti Colin McNally Chris Payette McGill University Montr6al, Quebec, Canada Advisor: Nilima Nigam Summary We model the flow ofwater in the Saluda river valley to determine the extent of flooding resulting from a failure of the Saluda Dam due to an earthquake. The model is divided into two parts: the flow of water in the river, and the evolution of the dam breach. We consider two questions in detail: How far up Rawls Creek, 3.3 km from the dam, will the flooding extend? And will the State Capitol in Columbia, 14 km downriver from the dam, get wet? We assume that the dam fails as a result of overtopping after the dam slumps due to soil liquefaction. We model the shape ofthe breach as an enlarging trape- zoid. This model provides the essential time-varying boundary conditions for the flow in the river and results in the dam collapsing in 3 to 4 min. The model for the water flow is based on dividing the river into sections of varying sizes. Tunable parameters for each section allow shaping of the valley along the river. The geometry of each cross section is modeled as a piecewise- linear function with three parameters (two for the slopes, one for the length). In addition, the length of each section of the river can be adjusted to obtain greater resolution for regions of interest. We model the flow of the water by the transfer of momentum and volume between the sections of the river. The equations governing these exchanges comprise a low-order finite-volume advection scheme. For our geometry the flow is sub-critical and momentum- dominated, allowing the above simplified physics model for the flow. The UMAPJourna126 (3) (2005) 220-221. DCopyright 2005 by COMAP, Inc. All rights reserved. Permission to make d