美国数学建模竞赛特等奖论文——2001 B O The Crowd Before the Storm【数学建模】.pdfVIP

The Crowd Before the Storm 291 The Crowd Before the Storm Jonathan David Charlesworth Finale Pankaj Doshi Joseph Edgar Gonzalez The Governorís School renamed August 2001: Maggie L. Walker Governorís School for Government and International Studies Richmond, VA Advisor: John A. Barnes Introduction Applying safety regulations and flow-density equations, we find the maxi- mum rate of flow through a lane of road is 1,500 cars/h, occurring when cars travel at 27.6 mph. We construct a computer simulation that tracks the exit of cars through South Carolinaís evacuation network. We attempt to optimize the network by reversing opposing lanes on various roads and altering the time that each city should begin evacuating, using a modified genetic algorithm. The best solutionóthe one that evacuates the most people in 24 hóinvolves reversing all the opposing lanes on evacuation routes. Increasing the holding capacity of Columbia is only marginally helpful. Georgia and Florida traffic on I-95 is only mildly detrimental, but allowing people to take their boats and campers greatly decreases the number of people that can be evacuated. Background on Evacuation Plans After the 1999 evacuation, the South Carolina Department of Transportation (SCDOT) designated evacuation routes for all major coastal areas, including 14 different ways to leave the coast from 32 regions. The routes take evacuees past I-95 and I-20. Although officers direct traffic at intersections, traffic on roads not in in the plan may have long waits to get onto roads in the plan. Moreover, the South Carolina Emergency Preparedness Division (SCEPD) does not call c The UMAP Journal 22 (3) (2001) 291ñ299. Copyright 2001 by COMAP, Inc. All rights reserved. Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom