282例β-内酰胺类抗菌药物的不良反应分析.doc

282例β-内酰胺类抗菌药物的不良反应分析 潘海燕，凌春燕，朱青( 南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院药剂科, 南京市210008) 摘要 目的: 了解我院2009～2010β-内酰胺类抗菌药物药品不良反应( ADR) 发生情况, 分析其影响因素, 以促进临床合理用药。方法: 以我院2009～2010年上报告国家药品不良反应监测中心的282例β-内酰胺类抗菌药物的ADR为考察对象,分别从患者年龄、性别、给药途径、使用药物种类以及临床表现等方面进行统计分析。结果: ADR涉及β-内酰胺类抗菌药物共33种, 以头孢曲松居首位, 其次为头孢呋辛和氨曲南; 以静脉途径给药引发的ADR最多; 282例ADR中, 大于60 岁的发生率最高, 占28.72%；临床表现以皮肤及其附件损害最常见。结论: β-内酰胺类抗菌药物发生ADR 与年龄、给药途径等多种因素相关, 应规范β-内酰胺类抗菌药物的临床应用, 避免或减少ADR的发生。 关键词: β-内酰胺类抗菌药物; 药品不良反应; 合理用药 Analysis for 282 Cases of Adverse Drug Reaction of β-lactam Antibiotics Pan Haiyan , Ling Chunyan , Zhu Qing ( Dept.of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University , Nanjing 210008) ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the reality and affecting factors of adverse drug reactions (ADR ) induced by β-lactam antibiotics in our hospital during 2009~2010, in order to promote the proper use of drug in clinic. Methods :We classified and analyzed 282 cases of adverse drug reaction of β-lactam antibiotics which is reported to National center for ADR Monitoring during 2009～2010, according to the aspects of patients’ age and gender, administration route, species o f drugs and Clinical manifestations. Results: The ADR were caused by a total of 33 species ofβ-lactam antibiotics agents, among which Ceftriaxone ranked the first and was followed by Cefuroxime and Aztreonam; The most causing route was intravenous administration; of which, those patients’ aged above 60 years accounted for 28.72%;the damage of skin and its annex were the most common clinical manifestations. Conclusion: Multiple factors contributed to the ADR, for example age and administration route. And the clinical application of β-lactam antibiotics of should be regulated to avoid or reduce the occurrence of ADR. KEY WORDS： β-lactam antibiotics; adverse drug reaction; rational administration β-内酰胺类抗生素系指化学结构中具有β-内酰胺环的一类抗生素，包括青霉素类、头孢菌素类、单环内酰胺类及其他非典型β-内酰胺类抗菌药物，具有抗菌活性强、毒性低、临床疗效好的优点，在临床治疗中用于各类敏感菌所致的各种感染性疾病。但同时由于各种因素的影响[1]，使得其不良反应( ADR)的发生率偏高，因此分析研究β