【测试与检测英文课件】Infraredradiationdetection.pptVIP

4.12 Infrared radiation detection Fig. 4.106 Electromagnetic radiation spectrum The relationship between an object’s temperature and radiation power are described by Stefan-Boltzmann’s law: The Planck’s Law describes the radiation intensity distribution for an ideal radiator (blackbody) under different temperatures: If we should heat an ideal radiator to various temperatures and determine the relative intensities at each wavelength, we would obtain characteristic energy-distribution curves such as those shown in Fig. 4.107. Not only is the radiation intensity of the higher-temperature body increased, but the wavelength of maximum emission is also shifted toward shorter waves (from red toward blue). Fig. 4.107 Graphical representation illustrating the basis for Wien’s displacement law 4.11.2 Infrared detectors Devices converting infrared radiations into electric quantities are called infrared detectors. Two types: Thermo-sensitive detectors Photosensitive detectors Nonselective infrared detectors : Thermo-sensitive detectors take advantage of the heat effect produced by semiconductor films when exposed to infrared radiation. The thermo-sensitive device has a relatively long response time of the order of 10-3 s. Basically, thermo-sensitive detectors have the same response to radiations with different wavelengths. They have a flat optical spectrum, and a nearly constant sensitivity over the whole wavelength range of measurement. Photoelectrical detectors operate only in low temperatures 4.11.3 Applications Radiation pyrometers The Stefan-Boltzmann’s law can be used in radiation pyrometers. Assuming that all energy radiated by the gray body is absorbed by the blackbody, their total energies must be identical, that is, Infrared thermometry Fig. 4.110 Block diagram of an infrared thermometering device Infrared thermal imaging As the infrared light is invisible to human eyes, it is impossible to use common cameras to take infrared pictures.