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Practical Training Course for Prospective Tour Guides Unit One About China General Maps ? Location: China is the largest country entirely in Asia. China is bordered by Russia, India, Afghanistan, Bhutan, Myanmar, Kazakhstan, North Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, Tajikistan, and Vietnam. Land resources China is in the eastern part of Asia, on the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. China has a total land area of 9.6 million square kilometers, next only to the former Soviet Union and Canada. China’s land border is 22,800 kilometers long. The nation is bordered by Korea in the east; Mongolia in the north; Russia in the northeast; Kazakhstan, Kirghizia([k?:?ɡizi?,ki?‵ɡi:zi?]; 吉尔吉斯[tɑ:d?iki?stɑ:n]; .?塔吉克斯坦[‵sikim]; 锡金锡金（1975年被印度吞并锡金原为锡金王国（今为印度共和国锡金邦)。1975年，锡金被印度共和国吞并为一个邦，中国政府于2005年正式承认了锡金为印度的一个自治邦的既成事实。在2005年4月21日签订的《中华人民共和国与印度共和国联合声明》的第十三条里这样写到：“双方满意地回顾了中华人民共和国的西藏自治区和印度共和国的锡金邦之间经过乃堆拉山口开展边境贸易的备忘录的执行情况。”[bu:‵tɑ:n]; ?不丹(印度东北一国家)[‵mj?nmɑ:]; ?缅甸(东南亚国家)(即Burma)[‵bru:nai]; ?文莱 [﹑ind?u‵ni:zj?]; ?印尼(东南亚岛国)海里(合1.852公里)’s vast territorial seas, the largest being Taiwan with an area of 36,000 square kilometers and the next largest, Hainan with an area of 34,000 square kilometers. Topography Mountain Ranges China’s surface slopes down from west to east in a four-step staircase. ([‵st??keis]; （建筑物内的）楼梯“the roof of the world.” The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is composed of rows of snow-capped peaks and glaciers.( [‵ɡl?sj?]; ?冰河, 冰川冈底斯[‵f?t﹑h?l] [‵f?t﹑h?l]; 山麓,小丘山麓,小丘’s many mountains are well known throughout the world. Her mountain ranges can be divided into five basic categories according to the directions in which they run: ⑴ west to east mountain ranges, including the Tianshan-Yinshan-Yanshan mountain system, the Kunlun-Qinling-Dabie mountain system, and the Nanling mountain system; ⑵ north to south mountain ranges, including the Helan, Liupan, and Hengduan ranges; ⑶ northeast to southwest mountain ranges, including the Changbai, Greater Hinggan, Taiha