2012高考英语考前冲刺Ⅰ专题03 完形填空解题三原则.docVIP

2012考前冲刺英语Ⅰ专题03 完形填空解题三原则 1. 上下求索——寻信息 因为答案信息点有的在空格前, 有的在空格后, 有的在前文和后文都有出现, 需要综合考虑或起相互印证的作用。有时, 还要根据上、下文提供的信息, 结合常识, 进行适当的逻辑推理, 才可得出正确答案。 [例1] The school decided that when the driver opened both the front and back doors, 27 who were getting off the bus should get off first, and students who were getting on should get on 28 .(2010广东) 27. A. parents B. students C. teachers D. drivers 28. A. sooner B. later C. faster D. earlier 解析：27题的答案信息点在空格后的and students who...中, 关键词是students, 故选B。28题的答案信息点在空格前, 关键词是first, 故选B。 [例2] One afternoon, I was out exploring... and saw a new kind of cactus (仙人掌). I crouched (蹲) down for a closer look. “You’d better not 47 that.” I turned around to see an old woman... “Would you like to come to my home tomorrow? Someone should teach you which plant you should and shouldn’t touch.”(湖南) A. break B. pick C. pull D. touch 解析: 此题若不读到文章最后一句的最后一个单词, 很难确定填touch, 选D。 2. 左顾右盼——找搭配 答题时, 眼睛不能只盯在空格上或只盯在空格所在的这一个句子上, 一定要“左顾右盼”, 弄清前后的习惯搭配或句式结构。注意, 常常不止一个选项前后可以构成搭配关系, 这时需要根据上下文的意思来定夺。 [例3] On April 12, 1888, Alfred’s brother Ludwig died of heart attack. A major French newspaper 21 his brother for him and...(2009广东) A. found B. misunderstood C. mistook D. judged 解析：四个选项中, 能与后面for搭配的, 只有mistook, 即mistake A for B (将A误以为B), 故选C。 [例4] Nobel arranged in his will to give the largest part of his money to 28 the Nobel prizes, which would be awarded to people who...(2009广东) A. establish B. form C. develop D. promote 解析：根据动宾搭配, 在四个选项中, 能与名词the Nobel prizes(诺贝尔奖)搭配的, 只有establish (设立), 即“设立诺贝尔奖”。用他的大部分钱去“构成/开发/促进”诺贝尔奖, 是讲不通的。 3. 思前想后—通全文 有时, 若单独看空格处或空格所在句,其中两个、三个甚至四个选项填入格中都不错, 句子也通顺, 但结合全文内容来理解, 就只有一个是最佳答案了。因此, 选择答案时, 一定要考虑到此选项不但在本句中合符语境, 而且要在全文中也讲得通, 即贯通全文。 [例5] Nobel arranged in his will to give the largest part of his money to establish the Nobel prizes, which would be awarded to people who made great 29 to the causes of peace, literature, and the sciences. A. additions B. sacrifices C. changes D. contributions 解析：若单独