《探讨我国对外贸易的可持续发展问题 》.doc

探讨我国对外贸易的可持续发展问题 摘要：在环境规则影响日益全球化的影响下，中国作为发展中大国其对外贸易不可避免的受到来自发达国家的种种限制，我国所受到的损失逐年递增，同时对外贸易额高速增长也引发了一系列的问题：我国对外贸依存度逐渐增大；绿色贸易壁垒成为制约我国外贸发展的重要因素“；高消耗、高投入、低收益”的外贸发展模式使得我国自然资源消耗、环境污染严重，对经济的进一步发展十分不利。也使得对外贸易的可持续发展问题成为当前急需解决的问题 我国对外贸易要解决以上问题，在减少资源消耗和环境破坏的前提下，促进对外贸易的健康、稳定发展，必须实现对外贸易的可持续发展。本文从实际出发探讨了中国对外贸易在可持续发展的背景下所存在的问题及发展应对策略。 关键词：对外贸易;可持续发展;绿色壁垒 Abstract: the growing influence of globalization on environmental rules under the influence of China as a developing country of its foreign trade from developed countries by the inevitable limitations, the losses suffered by Chinas increasing year by year, while foreign trade volume has also led to rapid growth series of problems: our dependence on foreign trade increases; green trade barriers as a constraint to an important factor in Chinas foreign trade ; high consumption, high investment, low income, the foreign trade development mode of consumption in our countrys natural resources, environmental pollution, the further development of the economy is very unfavorable. Also makes the sustainable development of foreign trade has become the urgent problems Chinas foreign trade to solve the above problem, to reduce resource consumption and environmental damage under the premise of the promotion of foreign trade, healthy and stable development, we must realize the sustainable development of foreign trade. In this paper, the reality of Chinas foreign trade in the context of sustainable development problems and the development of coping strategies. Keywords: foreign trade; sustainable development; green barriers 1. 我国对外贸易可持续发展现状 1.1我国对外贸易中存在的问题 当前我国对外贸易存在的问题主要有高额贸易顺差、外汇储备过高、贸易摩擦等。加工贸易的快速发展、强制结售汇制、外贸依存度的快速提高等现象是导致这三个问题的主要因素。应针对存在的问题，采取相应的对策。如扩大内需，成立中介性质的进出口公司，开放市场、调整汇率；鼓励国内优秀企业对外投资，规范政府引资行为；完善我国应对贸易摩擦的法律体系，构建“四位一体”的应对贸易摩擦机制，善于利用WTO框架下的贸易争端机制等等。 我国对外贸易的进出口方面也存在一系列问题。在出口方面：第一，出口产品档次低，出口效益不佳。我国出口贸易的高速增长，并没有带来质量和效益的同步增长。这种出口数量扩张，增量不增价的特征，在我国极具出口竞争优势的纺织业中尤为明显。由于我国出口的产品档次较低，而低档产品的国际市场容量有限，过度的出口扩张，必然导致同类产品的国际价格下跌。在出口数量不减少的情况下，必然会出现出口效