Chapter5ConsideringtheEvaluationApproach模块.pptVIP

* Comparison of Participatory and Traditional参与式评价与传统评价对照 Participatory 参与式评价 participant focus and ownership 参与者为评价的焦点和所有者 focus on learning 强调学习 flexible design 设计灵活 rapid appraisal methods 采用快速的评价方法 outsiders are facilitators 外部人员是推动者 Traditional 传统评价 donor focus and ownership 援助者为评价的焦点和所有者 focus on accountability and judgment 强调责任与公正 predetermined design 预先决定的设计 formal methods 采用正式的方法 evaluators are experts 评价者是专家 * How to for participatory:如何进行参与式评价 No single right way 没有唯一的正确方法 Commitment to the principles of participation and inclusion 坚持参与和包含的原则 those closest to the situation have valuable and necessary information 那些与情况最接近的拥有宝贵和必要的信息 Develop strategies to develop trust and honest communication 制定战略来培养信任和诚实沟通 information sharing and decision-making 信息共享与决策 create “even ground” 创建“对等的立场” * Challenges of Participatory 参与式评价的挑战 Concern that evaluation will not be objective 担心评价不客观 Those closest to the intervention may not be able to see what is actually happening if it is not what they expect 如果不是他们所期望的，那些与干预最近的人可能无法看到实际发生的事情 Participants may be fearful of raising negative views 参与者可能害怕提出负面的观点 Time consuming 耗时 Clarifying roles, responsibilities, and process 澄清任务、职责和流程 Skilled facilitation 有技巧地推动 Just-in-time training 及时的培训 * Benefits of Participatory参与式评价的好处 Results are more likely to be used 结果的利用程度更高 Increased buy-in, less resistance 买进增加，阻力减少 Increased sustainability 可持续性增加了 Increased credibility of results 结果的可靠性增强了 More flexibility in approaches 方法更加灵活 Can be systematic way of learning from experience 可以作为系统地从经验中学习的方法 * Is Participatory Right for You?参与式评价是否适合你？ Is there a need for: 是否存在以下需求： an independent outside judgment? 独立的外部判断？ Considerable technical information? 大量技术信息？ （maybe not （或许没有） Will stakeholders want to participate? 利益相关者是否希望参与？ Is there sufficient agreement among the stakeholders so they can work together， trust each other, and view themselves as partners? 利益相关者之间是否能达成一致意见，共同合作，互相信任，并且视彼此为合作伙伴？ Maybe so 或许如此 * Outcome Mappin