状语从句讲解 2012.5.17.docVIP

状语从句 一.概念 状语从句修饰主句中的动词,形容词,副词等,在复合句中作状语.引导状语从句的关联词是从属连词.状语从句用陈述句语序,一般位于复合句的句首或句末.当从句在句首时,从句后常用逗号和主句相隔.状语从句根据其在句中的不同作用分别表示时间,地点,原因,目的,结果,条件,比较,让步等。 二.相关知识点精讲 1、when, before, after, while, as soon as, until, since （1）as、when、while用法一览表。 类别 作 用 例 句 as as表示“当……的时候”，往往和when/ while通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。 She came up as I was cooking.(同时) The runners started as the gun went off.(几乎同时) when (at or during the time that )既可以表示在某一点的时候，又可表示在某一段时间内，主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。 It was raining when we arrived.(指时间点) When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段时间内) while while意思是“当……的时候”或“在某一段时间里”。主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生，从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。在when表示a period of time时，两者可以互换。 Please don’t talk so loud while others are working. He fell asleep while/when reading. Strike while the iron is hot.(用as或when不可，这里的while意思是“趁……”) “要过…..才” It will be five years before he returns from England. ② It won’t be long before +从句（一般现在时） “不久…就会” It won’t be long before he recovers from the injury. It was 3 years before he regained the love from his parents. It wasn’t long before the whole nation rose up to drive the enemy out of their country. He rang off before I could answer it. since引导的时间状语从句，表示“从……以来”，主句用一般现在时或现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。 结构为：It has been ......since +从句/It is ......since+从句。如： I have worked in this school since I graduated from Beijing University. It is 10 years since I began to study English. 拓展：since后接的动词会影响句子意思的表达 ① 正面翻译 在一般情况下，since用作连词表示“自从”时，它所引导从句的谓语通常应是非延续性动词。如： She has had another baby since I saw her last. 从上次我见到她以来，她又生了一个孩子。 Weve been friends ever since we met at school. 自从我们在学校遇见以来一直是朋友。 He hasnt stopped complaining since he got back from his holidays. 自从他休假回来，就不停地抱怨。 ②反面翻译 但有时也可以是延续性动词或状态动词，不过此时应注意：延续性动词或状态动词所表示的通常是动作或 状态的完成或结束 (而不是其开始)。试体会下列句子及其相应的翻译： I havent heard from him since he lived in Beijing. 自从他离开北京以来，我一直未收到他的信 (“住在北京”的结束，即“离开北京”)。 He has never come to see me since I was ill. 我病愈之后他还没来看过我 (“生病”的结束，即“病愈”)。 It has been so lon