e15.Respirat0ry System呼吸系统.pptVIP

组织胚胎学课件 七年制英文医学班专用 Chapter 15 Respiratory System 1. Components ---nose ---pharynx ---larynx ---trachea ---bronchi ---lung 2. Trachea and main bronchi three layers 1)????? Mucosa: ---epithelium: pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium ---lamina propria: CT, contain LC, PC, MC, BV, LV Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epi. ciliated cell: columnar, cilia goblet cell basal cell: -pyramidal, basally-located -undifferentiated cell→ciliated cell or goblet cell brush cell: -columnar, microvilli, -EM: RER, no g. -function: not very clear, may be i.?become into ciliated cell ii.receive sensory stimuli-epitheliodendritic synapse diffuse neuroendocrine cell: -less, pyramidal -EM: dense-core g.-small granule cell neuroepithelial body: cell + NF -Function: secret hormones to regulate contract of SM and secretion of gland i. 5-hydroxytryptamine(serotonin) ii. calcitonin iii. enkephalin * clear basement membrane 2) Submucosa: LCT, with BV, LV and N tracheal gland: mixed diffuse LT and LN * S Ig A = secretory component (secreted by epi. cell) + Ig A ( produced by plasma cell) 3) Adventitia: cartilage ring: 16-20 “C ” shaped circular ligament: elastic F SM- posterior part( membrane part): SM, elastic F, tracheal gland 3. Lung ---paired organ, located in thoracic cavity 1) General structure: ---capsule: visceral layer of pleura- serous membrane-CT + mesothelium ---parenchyma: all branches of bronchi and alveoli( right 3, left 2) ---interstitia: CT, BV, LV, N * branchi →intrapulmonary bronchial tree( lobar bronchial tree, segmental bronchi and small bronchi) D 1mm D 0.5 mm →bronchioles →terminal bronchioles →respiratory bronchioles →alveolar duct →alveolar sac → alveoli * pulmonary lobule: one bronchioles and its all branches and all alveoli cone or pyramidal-shaped: apex pointed towa