SAT写作 复习资料.docVIP

Error ID – sentence w/ 4 underlined words/phrases with mistakes - Sentence structure problem 1) Independent clauses (clauses that can be sentences themselves) Can be joined with comma + conjunction, or semicolon Comma splice problem: independent clauses joined with ONLY a comma are wrong Run-on sentence problem: independent clauses joined with nothing, wrong 2) Subordinate/dependent clauses (clauses that needs to latch onto an independent clause, e.g. “Sam is very dirty and needs a bath” – independence clause = Sam is very dirty, dependent clause = needs a bath, conjunction = and) - often at the beginning/end of a sentence - test for independent clauses: remove dependent clause, still makes sense - Sentence fragment problem: several dependent clauses w/ no independent clause - Verb problem 1) all verbs should have the same form (to eat/to run, became/attended) - Nouns describing a group of people (audience, family, USA) are singular - Either, neither, none, each, anyone, no one, everyone are all singular - Subjects joined by and are plural (X and Y are) - Nouns joined by or can be either singular or plural, depending on the last noun given (Jane or John is, Jane or the girls are) 2) proper tense - Verb tense does not change within a sentence (“In colonial times…did not…knew) - Noun problem 1) Subject-verb agreement - Pronoun problem (pronoun = word used to rep. a noun, e.g. ‘he’, ‘she’, ‘it’) 1) Agreement - Everyone must hand in their homework is wrong, since ‘everyone’ is singular 2) Ambiguity - It should be very clear which noun the pronoun is replacing – “Mary agreed with Martha that her porch” is incorrect since it is not clear whether her is Mary or Martha 3) Usage of right case (subjective/objective) - Subjective pronoun does something, objective pronoun has things done to it - I did it – ‘I’ is subjective (doing something), it happened to me – “me” is objective