苏格拉底之死及其人生伦理意义.pdfVIP

摘 要 摘 要 苏格拉底之死是西方历史上的著名事件，而他的死因则成了一个千古之谜。苏格拉 底的一生都在探讨、追寻伦理道德，他的伦理观也为西方建立起了伦理道德体系，而他 更是用死亡证明了伦理道德的重要性。他的死是与其伦理观有很大联系的，可以说苏格 拉底之死是其在个人伦理观的指导下所做出的理性选择。苏格拉底认为美德高于一切， 有了美德，人就能过上幸福的生活。幸福生活的开始，要建立在认识自己的基础上。通 过认识自己了解到自己的无知，而自己无知就要不断的获取知识使自己变得智慧。苏格 拉底认为美德即知识，拥有了美德也就拥有了智慧，也就获得了最高的善。正是在这样 的伦理观的指导下，苏格拉底面对不公正的审判，为了追寻美德最后选择了死亡。对于 现今社会中普遍存在的道德危机感，苏格拉底之死所表现出的伦理意义可以为我们提供 一些借鉴。苏格拉底一生都在省察自身直至死亡，最终追求的是一种德性的生活，也就 是幸福的生活。苏格拉底生前及至死亡所表现出的这种省察是一种理性精神，当代人也 可以通过理性的指导去过德性的、幸福的生活。苏格拉底之死也表现出了一种对于信念 的执着追求，因此现代社会的道德危机感可以用信仰得到缓解。苏格拉底之死还表现出 了一种对于个人道德自主性的强调，通过个人道德的完善最终实现整个人类的普遍幸 福，当代伦理道德在建设之时也可以把个人道德与社会伦理建设相结合。苏格拉底之死 表现出一种理性的反思精神和对德性生活的向往，为人类的安身立命建造起了一个精神 家园，这就是苏格拉底之死最大的伦理意义。 关键词 善 理性 道德 苏格拉底之死 I Abstract Abstract Socrates’ death is a famous event an Western history and the reason of his death becomes a eternal mystery. Socrates’ all life was discovering and searching the ethics, his ethic view was made a ethical system for Western., and more he used his death to demonstrate the importance of ethic. Socrates’ death is closely releated to his ethical thought, such as to say his death is a rational choice under the leading of his owen ethical thought. Socrates view that virtue is above all, people who has virtue will have happiness. The beginning of happiness life is built on the basic of realise youself. After that you will know you are ignorance and start to get more knowledge to make you wisdom. Socrates think that virtue is knowledge, people who has virtue is mean has wisdom, that is the highest goodness. Under such ethical thought, Socrates facing the unjust judge choose death for searching virtue. To our moral crisis in moder