大脑和颅神经培训课件.ppt

hemispheric lateralization The cerebrum each hemisphere has specific functions not done by the other side fig 14-6 Monitoring brain activity The cerebrum directly stimulate areas behavioral changes with injury Phineas Gage PET scan, MRI’s Monitoring brain activity The cerebrum electrical activity: EEG (electroencephalogram) (brain waves) Monitoring brain activity The cerebrum electrical activity: different wave patterns alpha beta theta delta normal resting adult concentration, stress children, frustrated adults deep sleep, injury fig 14-17 Monitoring brain activity The cerebrum electrical activity: seizure: temporary, drastic changes in electrical activity of cerebrum clinical conditions caused by a seizure epilepsy epilepsy and cutting corpus callosum split brain fornix The limbic system fiber tract between hippocampus and hypothalamus table 14-7 largest region of brain The cerebrum conscious thoughts intellectual functions processing of sensory and motor info surface is gray matter cerebral cortex hemispheres (R and L) The cerebrum separated by longitudinal fissure divided into lobes fig. 14-12 hemispheres (R and L) The cerebrum receive/send info to opposite side of body have different functions white matter fibers The cerebrum association interconnect - same side commissural interconnect R and L projection fibers to other structures label corpus callosum fig. 14-13 basal nuclei The cerebrum several nuclei caudate nucleus lentiform nucleus globus pallidus putamen fig. 14-14 basal nuclei The cerebrum subconscious control of skeletal muscle tone coordination of learned movements basal nuclei The cerebrum inhibited by dopamine from the substantia nigra if s.n. is destroyed or dopamine levels decline… basal nuclei are overactive… increase in muscle tone… basal nuclei The cerebrum …Parkinson’s disease difficulty starting muscle movements fig. 14-12 table 14-8 primary motor cortex primary sensory cortex The cerebrum frontal lobe pyramidal cells (UMN