医学课件--口蹄疫.pptVIP

 口蹄疫 Foot Mouth Disease (FMD) 韩 特 博 士 Prepared by: Dr. Terry Hunt BSc. DVM MRCVS Dairy Herd Health Specialist China – Canada Animal Health Initiative FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE 病因/发病机理  Cause Pathogenesis 小核糖核酸病毒—7个血清型，抗原有差异Picornavirus - 7 major serotypes antigenically different and varying in virulence 国际兽医组织列为A类传染病 OIE Reportable Disease – Level A 偶蹄兽的高度、接触性、急性传染病 Highly contagious acute disease of cloven-hoofed animals 口腔粘膜、乳头、蹄冠部皮肤有水疱 Vesicular eruptions on the oral mucosa, teat and coronet of hooves 病因/发病机理  Cause Pathogenesis 高发病率，成年动物低死亡率，幼畜达20 % High morbidity but low mortality in adults (up to 20 % in calves) 通过吸入或摄入分泌物、肉、污染物或直接接触而传播 Transmitted by inhalation or ingestion of virus from secretions, on fomites, meat or by direct contact 泔水喂猪在病毒传播中起重要作用 Swill feeding of swine is an important method of transmission of the virus 危险因素 Risk Factors 病毒对不利环境有较强抵抗力 Virus very resistant to adverse environmental conditions 非免疫群 Na?ve, non-vaccinated population 猪为放大器，羊为储存器，牛为反应器 Swine act as replicator species, sheep as often non-apparent carrier and cattle express the disease 临床症状 Clinical Signs 猪牛羊山羊多见，马不感染 Disease seen in pigs, cattle, sheep and goats but not horses 牛的病情较重，症状明显 Signs most severe in cattle 在牛上潜伏期为3-6天 In cattle, the incubation period is 3-6 days 高热 High fever 临床症状 Clinical Signs 奶产量急剧下降 Dramatic loss of milk production 急性疼痛性口腔炎 Acute painful stomatitis 萎靡和食欲下降 Depressed and anorexic 急性跛行，体重、奶产量下降 Acute lameness, weight loss and milk loss 临床症状 Clinical Signs 口腔、舌头、牙龈、蹄冠部、蹄叉间、乳头、乳房上可见有浆液性水疱 Vesicles and bullae containing clear serous fluid found in mouth, on tongue, dental pad, hoof coronet, interdigital space, teats and udder 急性跛行，体重、奶产量下降 Acute lameness, weight loss and milk loss 一周内受损皮肤愈合 Lesions heal quickly, usually within a week 诊断 Diagnosis 临床症状，实验室诊断有保证性 Clinical signs, quarantine and laboratory confirmation 鉴别诊断 Differential Diagnosis 水疱性口腔炎 Vesicular stomatitis 牛病毒性腹泻 BVD 牛流行性口炎 Bovine papu