户籍歧视对我国劳动力市场影响的经济学分析.docVIP

论户籍歧视对我国劳动力市场的影响 ——改革现有户籍制度势在必行 作者： 人力资源(2)班 刘东波 指导老师: 何淑明 摘要：从对劳动歧视的法律和经济意义以及户籍歧视这一我国特有的劳动歧视现象进行分析可以看出，限制外来工就业的政策法规降低了资源配置的效率，造成了社会整体福利的减少。所以必须修改或废除相关法规。农民工为中国经济和社会发展做出了巨大贡献，目前，已成为中国产业工人的重要组成部分。但在以户籍制度为基础的城乡二元社会结构下，农民工进城务工遭受了种种歧视和不平等待遇。彻底解决农民工问题，政府必须改革现行户籍制度，在农民工就业、社会保障、子女入学和工资待遇等方面维护好农民工权益；社会对农民工要给予更多重视和关怀。 关键词：平等就业权 户籍歧视 农民工 国民待遇 户籍制度 Summary: From discriminate against this our country special labor bias phenomenon to carry on to the law and economic meanings and household registers of the labor bias the analysis and can see, the policy laws that limits the foreign work employment lowered the efficiency that resources install, resulting in the decrease of the social whole welfare. So must modify or rescind the related laws. The farmer work developped to do for the Chinese economy and society huge contribution, currently, the importance that has become the Chinese industry worker constitutes the part. But under take the household register system as the social structure of the basal city country two dollars, the farmer work went into the city the work to suffer various biases and inequality treatment. Resolve the farmer work problem thoroughly, the government must reform the current household register system, guaranteeing in the farmer work employment, society, the son and daughter enters school to support the good farmer work rights with wages treatment etc.; The society wants more values and concern of gives to the farmer work. Keyword: Equal employment power The household register bias Farmer worker Citizens treatment Household register system 引言： 劳动歧视现象的产生有其深刻的社会根源、文化传统和历史背景，在不同的社会环境和历史时期有着不同的表现形态。除性别歧视、种族歧视、民族歧视等全世界都较为普遍的劳动歧视现象外，我国还存在一个较为特殊但又非常严重的户籍歧视现象，包括对不具有本地户籍的外来工和持农业户口的农民工的歧视。而分析和研究这一现象的必要性和紧迫性在当前社会保障制度改革、户籍制度改革和我国加入WTO之后产业结构调整等背景下更为凸显。 二、 劳动歧视：法学和经济学的一般界定 何为户籍歧视? 户籍歧视是劳动歧视众多表现中的一种，我国《劳动法》第12条规定：劳动者就业，不因民族、种族、性别、宗教信仰不同而受歧视。可见，劳动其实实质上是在就业机会或劳动报酬上的差别待遇，而这些差别待遇是由于劳动者个人特征如种族、性别、国籍、或宗教信仰等产生的。劳动歧视一般表现为：（1）工资歧视，即同工不同酬。（2）就业歧视，即被歧视