电路原理课件讲义英文版CHAPTER.ppt

7.10 SUMMARY If all of the initial conditions have zero value, then the circuit is said to be in the zero-state, and the solution to nonzero inputs for the circuit is known as the zero-state response. (零状态响应) 1．Zero-State Response Of An RC Circuit t=0－：uC(0－)=0 The Zero-State Response uC (0+)=uC (0?)=0=US +A ? A= ?US The general solution： The forced response represents what the circuit is forced to do by the input excitation. It is also known as the steady-state response. (强制响应或稳态响应) Where does the energy go? Time constant ?=RC (Turn off all independent sources) t 0+ ? 2? 3? 4? 5? … ∞uC /US 0 0.632 0.865 0.95 0.982 0.993 … 1 Whether the time constant is small or large, the circuit reaches steady state in five time constants. Example: R1=1Ω, R2=2Ω, C=3F, iS=1A. Assume that the switch has been closed for a long time. At t=0, the switch is opened, and it is closed 6s later. Find uC for t 0. Solution： 0t6s： ?1=R2C=6s t6s ： ?2=RC=2s 2．Zero-State Response Of An RL Circuit The particular solution： Time constant： Example: L1=1mH, L2=2mH, R=3kΩ, US=3V. At t=0, the switch is closed . Find the zero-state response uL1 and uL2 for t 0. L=L1+L2=3mH Solution： The solution with nonzero initial conditions and nonzero inputs for a circuit is known as the complete response. (全响应) The complete response of the circuit is the sum of the natural response and the forced response. 1．Complete Response Of An RC Circuit uC(0－)=U0 Complete Response Of RC And RL Circuit uC p=uC (∞)=US，uC p(0+)=US ， uC (0+)=uC (0－)=U0 ，τ=RC The complete response： Complete response = zero-input response + zero-state response. Zero-input response： Zero-state response： The general form： 2．三要素法 The initial value f(o+) The final value f(∞) The time constant τ f(t)=f(∞)+[f(o+)-f(∞)]e-t/τ t?0 f(t)=f’(t)+[f(o+)-f’(0+)]e-t/τ t?0 If it is DC source, Exam