上海教室冬、夏热舒适实测分析.docVIP

上海教室冬、夏热舒适实测分析 摘 要 对冬季、夏季上海某大学校园内教室的热环境进行了实测和分析 ,采取现场测试与问卷调查相结合的方法。共连续测试了4间教室，收集问卷调查表800多份。通过对实测数据的分析整理，发现温度、着衣热阻等参数对热舒适有明显的影响 ,但相对湿度、风速对热舒适的影响不大。学生可接受的作用温度范围比 ASHRAE标准规定的舒适区温度范围要宽, PMV 指标与实际情况存在较大差别，体重对热感觉几乎没有影响。教室冬季的热舒适条件要低于夏季；受试者夏季时对温度的敏感程度低于冬季；夏季女性与男性相比对温度变化的敏感程度较大，而在冬季，女性与男性对温度变化的敏感程度相差不大。分析了适应性问题 , 推导和求解出了冬季与初夏室内TSV与PMV的的线性回归方程以及中性温度，得出冬季时的中性温度为16.60℃，夏季为23.61℃，并将所得结果与其他研究成果进行了比较，受试者对于温度的敏感程度低于其他地区，学生对热环境有较强的适应能力。 关键词 热舒适 中性温度 PMV TSV 季节 RESEARCH ON THERMAL COMFORT OF CLASSROOM IN SHANGHAI IN WINTER AND SUMMER Abstract: thermal environment tests and analysis had been finished about Shanghai University campus classrooms in winter and summer. Test method was combined field measurements with questions paper. Continuous testing of a total of four classrooms, Survey questionnaires were collected over 800. The measured data processing and analysis can find that temperature, a thermal resistance of clothing on thermal comfort are obvious, However, relative humidity, wind speed on thermal comfort are little impact. Students’ acceptable temperature range much wider than standard ASHRAE comfort zone temperature range. There is a big difference between PMV and the actual situation. Weight has no effect on thermal sense. The thermal comfort in winter is lower than in summer. The temperature sensitivity in summer is lower than in winter. There is a large difference on temperature sensitivity between female and male in winter, but there is not difference on temperature sensitivity between female and male in summer. The linear regression equation of indoor TSV with PMV had be deduced, and neutral temperature had been calculated. The temperature neutral is 16.60℃ in winter and 23.61 ℃ in summer. Compared the findings with other research results, students’ temperature sensitivity was lower than other zones, and the thermal adaptive faculty of students was better. Key words: thermal comfort neutral temperature PMV TSV season 1 引言： 学校人员密度大，建筑多采用自然通风，其热舒适状况直接影响着学生的身心