2012高考英语考前必知精品课件：专题六 第6讲理解作者的态度和意图的技巧（大纲版湖北专用）.pptVIP

* 立足教育 开创未来 · 高中新课标总复习（第2轮）· 英语 · 湖北版 阅读理解 第6讲 理解作者的态度和意图的技巧 每篇文章、每个段落都有特定的写作目的，而这些信息通常并不是被明确地表达出来的，而是隐含在文章之中。我们应了解作者如何在文章中体现自己的思想， 通过哪些语言向读者传达自己的感受。了解这些有助于我们在做阅读理解题时把握作者思路，领会文章内涵，做出正确的选择。要做到这一点，我们需要从两个方面入手：一是把握作者的写作意图，二是把握出题的角度。 作者的态度有主观和客观两种。有的文章作者只是客观地介绍一件事或物，或各方观点，不发表自己个人的意见，如一些科技文、新闻事件报道等。这样的文章属于“广而告之型”。要根据客观事实答题，一是一，二是二，凡与事实不符的选项，或文中没有提到的事实，当然都是不能选的。这样的题目难度一般都不会很大。最难于驾驭的是一些故事性、情感经历性的文章。因为作者在行文时会用到一些写作手法，如倒叙、插叙等。往往还会有一些思想、情感的波动。这就需要我们在阅读时认真把握，细心体会。 另外我们还需把握出题人的意图，以文章内容为基础进行判断。有些题目要根据短文的内容来判断正误，这就需要按作者的思路去考虑，站在作者或文章内容中出现的人物的立场上予以辨析，不能依据自己的喜好或认知判断。 解这类题时还需注意： 1. 对于新闻报道，作者往往持中立态度。而对于议论文，作者的态度要么支持，要么反对，带中立色彩的选项常常是错误的。同时，带有绝对化或感情过于强烈的表达也应排除。 2. 区分开作者的态度和作者引用的别人的态度。 3. 有时需要根据作者使用词语的褒贬性去判断作者的态度。 4. 注意辨认哪些是事实，哪些是观点，在此基础上将上下文联系起来分析，最后确认文章所陈述的内容到底哪些代表了作者的观点。 例 Kathy started at my nursery school at the age of three. She settled into the group easily, and would be first on the slide and highest up the climbing frame. She could put on her coat without help and not only fasten her own buttons but other children’s too. She was a lovely child but unfortunately a scratcher. If anyone upset her or stood in her way, her right hand would flash out fast and scratch down the face of her playmates. Children twice her age would fly in fear from her. 例 This must have been very rewarding for Kathy but obviously it had to be stopped. All the usual ways failed and then I remembered an account by G. Atkinson of Highfield School, of how fights in the playground had been stopped. No punishment had been given, but the attacker had been ignored and the victims rewarded. So I decided to try this out on Kathy. With a pocketful of Smarties I followed Kathy around. She was so quick that it was impossible to prevent her scratching, but I was determined to stay within arm’s length all afternoon. 例 All was peaceful but then I saw Kathy’s hand moved and heard t