外文翻译--财务会计概念的声明会计信息质量特征.docVIP

本科毕业论文（设计） 外 文 翻 译 外文出处 Journal of Accountancy;Aug80, Vol.150 Issue 2, P105-120,16p 外文作者 Miller, Paul B. W. 原文： Statement of Financial Accounting Concepts No.2—Qualitative Characteristics of Accounting Information Primary Decision-Specific Qualities Relevance and reliability are the two primary qualities that make accounting information useful for decision making. Subject to constraints imposed by cost and materiality, increased relevance and increased reliability are the characteristics that make information a more desirable commodity-that is, one useful in making decisions. If either of those qualities is completely missing, the information will not be useful. Though, ideally, the choice of an accounting alternative should produce information that is both more reliable and more relevant it may be necessary to sacrifice some of one quality for a gain in another. To be relevant, information must be timely and it must have predictive value or feedback value or both. To be reliable, information must have representational faithfulness and it must be verifiable and neutral. Comparability, which includes consistency, is a secondary quality that interacts with relevance and reliability to contribute to the usefulness of information. Two constraints are include in the hierarchy, both primarily quantitative in character. Information can be useful and yet be too costly to justify providing it. To be useful and worth providing, the benefits of information should exceed its cost. All of the qualities of information shown are subject to a materiality threshold, and that is also shown as a constraint. Relevance Relevant accounting information is capable of making a difference in a decision by helping users to form predictions about the outcomes of past, present and future events or to confirm or correct prior expectations. Information can make a difference to decisions by i