快速移动微进给车床刀架设计.docxVIP

摘　要: 本设计介绍一种检测机构, 可测量刀具与工件之间的受力情况，并根据受力情况，对刀具的对刀位置进行自动调节。力产生的信号反馈给传感器，传感器把力信号转换成电信号，然后传给计算机，最后由计算机处理及控制，达到快速移动微进给的目的。以往普通车床（如C6140）的对刀采用的是肉眼和经验，既费时预留余量又不准确。本课题就是针对此现象对车床的刀架进行改造，使其能实现快速移动，准确对刀，使同样的机床能加工出更高精度的零件。本设计主要包括机床刀架方案设计；运动系统结构设计；刀座体的结构设计及传感器与刀座连接部分的设计；经改进后的车床其对刀自动化程度高，对刀时间短而快，为下一道工序预留加工余量更加准确，达到了预期的目的。关键词:检测机构；传感器；快速；微进给；对刀；精度Abstract:In this paper,we will introduce a testing organization,which can measure the force condition between tool and workpiece,and automatically adjust on-knife position of the tools according to the forces.the signals generated by force feedback to the transducer,then transducer transform the force signals into electrical signals and conduct to the computer.finally,handled and controled by the computer to achieve the purpose of fast moving and micro-feed.In the past,the on-knife of the machine tool is depending on eyes and experience,which is time-consuming and inaccuracy.The thesis of this paper is focus on improving the turret for achieving the purpose of fast moving, on-knife accurately and working out a more high-accuracy parts on the same lathe.this paper mainly describe the design of the turret program of machine tool ,the design of the structure of the motion system and the design of the connection between the transducer and the tool holder. After that,the mechine tool can increase the degree of automation,shorten the time of on-knife ,be more accurate to prepare the machine margin for the next and achieve the expected goals.Key words:testing organizations; transducers; fast moving； micro-feed; on-knife ；accuracy目 录1 绪论11.1 研究的背景与目的11.2 切削加工11.3 国内外概况31.3.3 对刀方法：31.3.2 数控技术31.3.3 车削技术九大产品42车床刀架总体方案设计72.1 车床刀架方案设计72.1.1 车床刀架工作原理设计72.1.2 车床刀架设计思路72.2总体结构与布局73运动系统初步设计103.1电机的选择103.1.1 电机的分类103.1.2 步进电机的特征103.2轴承的选用113.2.1 轴承的选用原则113.2.2 轴承的主要特性123.2.3 轴承的初步选用123.2.4 轴承的校核134 机械部分的设计154.1 刀座部分的设计154.1.1 刀座的简介154.1.2 刀座的结构设计154.1.3 刀座的材料选择164.2联轴器的选择164.2.1 联轴器的分类164.2.2 套筒联轴器164.3丝杠螺母的设计174.3.1 选滑动丝杠螺母副的原因17