毕业设计论文外文文献翻译机械设计制造及其自动化装载机中英文对照.docVIP

毕业设计（论文） 英文翻译 年级、 专业: 2007级机械设计制造 及其自动化三班 姓 名: 学 号: 指 导 教 师: Loaders 1 Overview 1.1 Basic Concept A loader is a type of construction equipment (engineering vehicle) machinery that is primarily used to load material into another type of machinery (dump truck, conveyor belt, rail-car, etc.).Loaders are used mainly for uploading materials into trucks, laying pipe, clearing rubble, and digging. A loader is not the most efficient machine for digging as it cannot dig very deep below the level of its wheels, like a backhoe can. Their deep bucket can usually store about 3-6 cubic meters of earth. The front loaders bucket capacity is much bigger than a bucket capacity of a backhoe loader. Loaders are not classified as earthmoving machinery, as their primary purpose is other than earthmoving. Unlike most bulldozers, most loaders are wheeled and not tracked, although track loaders are common. They are succesful where sharp edged materials in construction debris would damage rubber wheels, or where the ground is soft and muddy. Wheels provide better mobility and speed and do not damage paved roads as much as tracks, but provide less traction. Unlike standard tractors fitted with a front bucket, many large loaders do not use automotive steering mechanisms. Instead, they steer by a hydraulically actuated pivot point set exactly between the front and rear axles. This is referred to as articulated steering and allows the front axle to be solid, allowing it to carry greater weight. Articulated steering provides better maneuverability for a given wheelbase. Since the front wheels and attachment rotate on the same axis, the operator is able to steer his load in an arc after positioning the machine, which can be useful. The loader assembly may be a removable attachment or permanently mounted. Often the bucket can be replaced with other devices or tools--for example, many can mount forks to lift heavy pallets or shipping containers, and