民用建筑节能检测技术应用分析研究.doc

民用建筑节能检测技术应用研究 Application Research on Energy Efficiency Testing Technology in Civil Buildings  中文摘要 随着我国经济总量的持续稳步增长，能源供需矛盾日益凸显，现已演变成为制约我国经济持续健康发展的瓶颈。1978年开始，建筑业尤其是居住建筑业，便迅速发展成为我国经济发展的支柱产业之一。目前我国建筑用能已经超过全国能源消费总量的1/4，并将随着人民生活水平的提高逐步增加到1/3，这将势必严重影响我国经济和社会发展战略目标的实现。因此，本课题研究的目的是，建立建筑节能检测标准和节能建筑评价方法，并通过对建筑物围护结构的热工性能、气密性检测、分析与评价，逐步完善建筑节能技术，促进居住建筑的合理设计和施工，确保建筑节能质量，维护投资、设计、施工和产权人(或使用人)的合法权益。 本文以应用研究为主，通过建筑节能检测技术对实际工程进行测试，总结验证了现有建筑节能检测技术的有效性和适用性，阐述了其检测流程和步骤；从理论上建立了围护结构传热的数学模型，分别研究了传热系数的测试方法，热流计法和热箱法，以及如何利用动态法，分析围护结构的动态性能；结合工程实例分析研究了居住建筑和公共建筑室内平均温度、湿度的检测方法、原则和注意事项，外围护结构热工缺陷检测方法、流程及热工缺陷合格判定原则，外围护结构隔热性能检测方法、原则及判定原则，外窗窗口气密性能检测步骤、检测要求以及如何利用鼓风门法检测建筑围护结构整体气密性能，外围护结构热桥部位内表面温度检测方法和要求；以现场测试为基础，通过分析现场测量传热系数的原理、方法和步骤，证明了采用热流计法检测建筑物围护结构传热系数在秋、冬和春季的可行性，并总结出该方法的限定条件；阐述了建筑节能评价的重要性并建立了评价方法，并从节能角度出发，对建筑物围护结构的形式和材料提出要求；采用热流计法和红外热像仪相结合的方法，判断被测建筑物的耗能水平、节能情况，总结研究了红外热像仪的使用事项。 关键词：建筑节能，检测技术，评价方法  ABSTRACT As economic output keeping growing steadily in China, energy shortage becomes more and more obvious, which has evolved as a constraint to sustainable and healthy development. As of 1978, construction, especially residential construction industry, has quickly become one of pillar industries for economic development. However, energy consumption of construction has been more than 1/4 of total energy consumption in China, and would been up to 1/3 with the improvement of living standard, which seriously affects Chinas economic and social development. Therefore, the objective of research is to establish testing standard of building energy efficiency and evaluation methodology, and through analysis of building envelope thermal performance and gas tightness detection, to perfect technology of building energy efficiency and promote rational design and construction of building, thus ensuring building energy efficiency quality, maintenance, investment and construction. Mainly in application study, this paper verifies the validity and applicability of existing detection technology of building energy effici