英语学习中When和 while的异同点.docVIP

英语学习中When和 while的异同点 请看下面的例子： 1).While we were talking, the teacher came in.（=When） 2).When the teacher came in, we were talking. (不能用while) 从以上例句不难看出：有时when可用来代替while，而while却不能用来代替when。 究竟二者有什么相同点，又有什么区别呢？现归纳如下： 一、相同点： when和 while都可以作连词，引导时间状语从句，译作“当……的时候”。 都可引导时间较长的“背景”情况，即表示一段时间。从句谓语用延续性动词（如be, lie, stay, study, wait），可互相替换。 1). My brother fell while (=when) he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.我弟弟在骑自行车时摔了下来并且摔伤了。 2). When（=While ）I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car passing by.我顺着马路往前走，发现一辆警车开了过去。 3). She can write only when (=while) the baby is asleep. 只有婴儿睡着的时候，她才能写作。 二、不同点： 1、时间状语从句表示时间点，谓语使用瞬间动词（如arrive, begin, borrow, lend, go, come, take, leave, stop, finish, die, join）时，只能用when引导。此时不能用while替换。而while从句中的动词必须是延续性的，不能是瞬间性的。 1). It was snowing when we got to the airport. 当我们到达机场时正在下雪。 2). When you telephoned me, I was drawing a picture.你给我打电话的时候我正在画画。 3). Please write while I read.我念的时候，请写下来。 4). My wife kept silent while I was writing. 当我写的时候，我的妻子就默不做声。 5).错：While he got up, he felt dizzy.他起床时感觉头晕。 正： When he got up, he felt dizzy. 6).错： I was writing a letter while she came in.当他进来时我正在写信。 正：I was writing a letter when she came in. 7).错：Somebody broke in while we went out.在我们出门不在的时候，有人破门而入。 正：Somebody broke in while we were out. 2、when从句的动作既可与主句的动作同时发生，亦可先后发生，而while从句只能表示主句的动作发生在while从句所表达的时间段之内。 1).Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.汤姆很扫兴的是，他到达聚会地时，大部分客人都已经走了。 2). He went home when he had finished his homework..写完作业后他回家去了。 3). The telephone rang while I was having a shower.我正在淋浴的时候，电话铃响了。 3、when可以用作等立连词，表示“这时（突然）”、“正在这时”。它可与过去进行时、过去完成时以及was/were about to do, was/were on the point of doing连用。 1). I was thinking of this when I heard my name called.我正想着这件事，突然听到叫我的名字。 2). Hank started to walk through the carriages to get back to his seat. He had gone through six carriages when he found he could go no further.汉克开始穿过车厢往他的座位走去。他走过了六节车厢，这时他突然发现再也走不过去了。 3). We were about to start when it