《线性代数》(同济第四版)课后习题答案(110页).pdf

hhttttpp::////wwwwww..33zzhhee..ccoomm 《线性代数》（同济第四版）课后习题答案（完整版） 第一章 行列式 1. 利用对角线法则计算下列三阶行列式: 2 0 1 (1) 1 − 4 −1 ; −1 8 3 2 0 1 解 1 − 4 −1 −1 8 3 =2×(−4)×3+0×(−1)×(−1)+1×1×8 −0×1×3−2×(−1)×8−1×(−4)×(−1) =−24+8+16−4=−4. a b c (2) b c a; c a b a b c 解 b c a c a b =acb+bac+cba−bbb−aaa−ccc 3 3 3 =3abc−a−b−c. 1 1 1 (3) a b c ; 2 2 2 a b c 1 1 1 解 a b c 2 2 2 a b c 2 2 2 2 2 2 =bc+ca+ab−ac −ba−cb =(a−b)(b−c)(c−a). 1 hhttttpp::////wwwwww..33zzhhee..ccoomm x y x+ y (4) y x+ y x . x+ y x y x y x+ y 解 y x+ y x x+ y x y 3 3 3 =x(x+y)y+yx(x+y)+(x+y)yx−y −(x+y) −x 3 2 3 3 3 =3xy(x+y)−y−3x y−x −y−x 3 3 =−2(x+y). 2. 按自然数从小到大为标准次序, 求下列各排列的逆序数: (1)1 2 3 4; 解 逆序数为0 (2)4 1 3 2; 解 逆序数为4: 41, 43, 42, 32. (3)3 4 2 1; 解 逆序数为5: 3 2, 3 1, 4 2, 4 1, 2 1. (4)2 4 1 3; 解 逆序数为3: 2 1, 4 1, 4 3. (5)1 3 ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ (2n−1) 2 4 ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ (2n); 解 逆序数为n(n−1) : 2 3 2 (1 个) 5 2, 5 4(2 个) 7 2, 7 4, 7 6(3 个) ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ (2n−1)2, (2n−1)4, (2n−1)6, ⋅ ⋅ ⋅, (2n−1)(2n−2) (n−1 个) 2 hhttt