外文翻译--BOT项目风险管理.docVIP

本科毕业论文（设计） 外 文 翻 译 原文： Risk Management in BOT Projects Risk management in BOT projects is studied, following the risk management framework, i.e. risk identification, risk classification, risk analysis, risk attitude and risk response (or risk allocation). 1.Risk identification in BOT projects The risks of BOT projects can be identified in the following categories (Baker, 1986; cited in Nadeem, 1998): political risks; construction completion risks; operating risks; finance risks and legal risks. 2.Risk classification in BOT projects There have been several types of risk classification. The following are some examples of them: Construction phase: completion delay, cost overrun, force majeure, political risk, infrastructure risk (referring to other facilities in direct competition with the BOT project in question). Operational phase: raw material supply, market, performance/technical, operation/maintenance, foreign exchange, other contingencies (Tiong, 1990b). Development phase: technology risk, credit risk, bid risk. Construction phase: completion risk, cost overrun risk, performance risk, political risk. Operating phase: performance risk, cost overrun risk, liability risk, equity resale risk, offtake risk (Beidleman et al., 1990): Global risks:– Political: government, technology.– Legal: framework, type of agreement.– Commercial: market, input, currency.– Environment: impact, ecological. Construction, design,?Elemental risks:– Technical: physical conditions, training.– Financial: form of?technology.– Operational: operation, maintenance, ownership, return, currency.– Revenue: demand,?financing, evaluation, development (toll/tariff, Woodward et al., 1992). There are some other classifications, some of which are: static or dynamic; fundamental or particular; government source or private source; speculative or pure; financial or non-financial; and measurable or immeasurable (Charoenpornpatiana, 1998). These classifications facilitate all the following steps of the