毕业设计论文-气体泄漏超声检测系统的设计.docVIP

摘 要 随着工业的发展，各种气体包括易燃易爆、有毒气体的种类和应用范围都得到增加，因此，装放这些气体的时候要特别小心，如果出现泄露，造成的后果不堪设想。这就需要我们设计一个可以检测的装置。在通过对超声波性质的研究中，我们发现超声波是一种高频短波，并且它在空气中传播具有很强的方向性。基于此特性，我设计了一套超声波检测电路，该电路包括了模拟电路与数字电路，其中模拟电路包含了信号放大电路和音频处理电路；数字电路由单片机、LCD和键盘等外围设备组成。在对超声波信号的处理的过程中，信号经过放大滤波以后，一路交给单片机处理，并在显示屏上读出信号的强度与流速；另一路通过降频转化为可听声，从而实现检测的目的。 关键词：单片机,声压级,本底噪声,泄漏超声波 Ultrasonic gas leak detection system Abstract Along with the industry development, each kind of gas including is flammable explosive, Therefore, put in the time of these gases to be especially careful, if there is leakage, resulting in disastrous consequences. This requires us to design a device that can detect，In through tothe supersonic wave archery target research in, we discovered the ultrasonic wave is one kind of high frequency short wave, and it disseminates in the air has the very strong directivity. Based on this characteristic, I have designed a set of ultrasonic waves examinations electric circuit, this electric circuit has included the analogous circuit and the digital circuit, analogous circuit has contained the signal enlargement electric circuit and the audio frequency processing electric circuit; The digital circuit by auxiliary equipment and so on the monolithic integrated circuit and LCD, keyboard is composed. In to the ultrasonic wave signal processing process in, the signal after enlarges after the filter, a group gives monolithic integrated circuit processing, and on display monitor read signal intensity and speed of flow; Another group through falls the frequency to transform for may listen to the sound, thus realization examination goal. Keywords：Monolithic integrated circuit,Acoustic pressure level,Background noise, Divulges the ultrasonic wave 目 录 1 绪论 1 2 设计方法 1 3 气体泄漏检测的设计原理 1 3.1 气体泄漏产生超声波 2 3.2 声压与泄漏量的关系 2 4 超声检测电路设计原理与各单元电路的概述 3 4.1 电路系统的硬件实现过程 4 4.2 各单元电路的介绍 4 4.2.1 超声探头的原理 4 4.2.2 前置放大电路 5 4.2.3 带通滤波器 6 4.2.4 精密检波电路 7 4.2.5 A/D转换电路 9 4.2.6 单片机与键盘、LCD的连接电路的设计 9 4.2.7 本振电路 14 4.2.8 混频电路 15 4.2.9 低通滤波 15 4.2.10 音频功