4Cr5MoSiV1Nb钢热疲劳软化性能的研究.pdfVIP

4Cr5MoSiV1Nb 钢热疲劳软化性能的研究 胡心彬 1，2) 李麟 1) 吴晓春 1) 1）上海大学材料科学与工程学院，上海 200072 2 ）湖北工学院机械工程学院，武汉430068 摘 要 本文对比研究了 4Cr5MoSiV1( 即 H13)钢与 4Cr5MoSiV1Nb 钢的回火软化抗力、 热稳定性能及热疲劳软化性能。结果表明，微量铌的添加提高了 4Cr5MoSiV1 钢的回火软化抗 力、热稳定性及热疲劳抗力。在热疲劳循环过程中，由于富铬 M23C6 碳化物粒子的粗化及位错 密度的降低导致了热疲劳循环软化。添加微量铌的 H13 钢由于富铬 M23C6 碳化物的粗化受到 抑止，且位错密度下降较慢，使得热疲劳裂纹的扩展相对缓慢，因而提高了材料的热疲劳抗 力。 关键词 热疲劳， 循环软化，碳化物粗化 Thermal Fatigue Softening Behaviour of 4Cr5MoSiV1Nb Steel Hu Xinbin1,2) Li Lin1) Wu Xiaochun1） 1）School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University，Shanghai 200072, China 2 ）School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430068, China Abstract The resistance to tempering softening, thermal stability and the thermal fatigue softening behaviour of an 4Cr5MoSiV1steel both with and without an addition of micro-niobium were studied. The results showed that the resistance to tempering softening and thermal stability of H13 steel with micro-Nb were higher than that of the steel without niobium. The cyclic softening of the investigated steels during thermal fatigue test were caused by the decrease of dislocation density in the matrix and the coarsening of Cr-rich carbides during fatigue test. The thermal fatigue resistance of the steel with micro-Nb was higher than that of the steel without niobium. The main reasons were the suppression of the coarsening of Cr-rich carbides and the slowness of the decrease of dislocation density. Key words: Thermal fatigue, cyclic softening, carbides coarsening 含铬 5 ％系列的热作模具钢由于具有较好的高温强度、冲击韧性、热裂抗力、耐磨抗力等， 因而广泛应用于热锻模、热挤压模和压铸模。表面热裂是影响这类模具寿命的一个重要因素。 据统计[1]，超过 80 ％的热作模具失效都是由于热裂导致裂纹扩展而引起的。因此提高模具材 料的热裂抗力对于提高模具使用寿命显得尤为重要。目前国内外在改善热作模具钢的高温强 度及冲击韧性方面已进行了非常细致的研究，并开发了许多新的热作模具钢[2-5] 。一些研究 [5-7] 认为，在热疲劳循环过程中，基体组织中位错密度的降低及碳化物粒子的粗化导致了材料表 面产生