容貌特征的刻板印象研究.pdfVIP

论 文 摘 要 容貌吸引力 (Facial Attractiveness)是社会生活的重要元素之一。大量研 究表明，容貌吸引力高的个体往往能够获得容貌寻常者所不具备得优势，更容易 被认为具有较高的能力、较为积极的人格特质和较好的人际关系。这就是容貌刻 板印象(Facial Attractiveness Stereotype)。 本论文试图通过实验情景来模拟社会生活中的人际互动过程——从印象形 成过程中的容貌吸引力影响因素到刻板印象的普遍存在性以及刻板印象的意识 可调控性。研究拟解决三个问题：1.容貌吸引力是否同时受到容貌特征和情景因 素的影响? 2.容貌刻板印象是否在合作/友好维度上存在? 3.容貌刻板印象是否 容易受到意识调控，在其他较为强势的联结下被削弱或消退？ 本研究采用 Likert 七级评分法和内隐联结测验两种方法来探讨印象形成中 容貌特征和非容貌特征的作用、验证容貌刻板印象的普遍性以及容貌刻板印象的 可消退性，得出如下结论：1. 某些局部容貌特征可以预测整体容貌吸引力，但 容貌吸引力的范围不同，其预测因子也不尽相同；2. 某些情境因素 （例如微笑） 会提高个体的容貌吸引力；3. 在合作/友好维度上存在容貌刻板印象；4. 本研 究中的容貌刻板印象易为更强势的联结所削弱或消退，体现了刻板印象的意识可 调控性。 关键词：内隐社会认知，内隐联结测验，容貌刻板印象，容貌特征 5 ABSTRACT Facial attractiveness is an important aspect of social daily life. A bundle of social psychology researches have found evidence for its radiation effect in people’s judgem entPeople with high physical attractiveness will receive lots of advantages that the ordinary ones cannot get. What’s more, beautiful individuals are more likely to be judged as those who have better abilities, personalities and social relationships. That’s what is called “what is beautiful is good stereotype”. It’s a kind of “Facial attractiveness stereotype”. What is beautiful is good stereotype mainly applies in the formation of first impression and mainly to certain personality traits, for example, sociality. Traits such as “Considerate” and “sincere” are not so easily affected by it （According to Eagly ， Ashmore，Makhijani Longo ，1991）。 Then, what is facial attractiveness? Does it derive from physiognomic character parameters or other situational factors? Are “Considerate” and “sincere” really immune to physical attractiveness stereotype? And whether this stereotype will