有限元和有限层元研究横向同性土对建筑物沉降影响.docVIP

文章编号：1000－7598－(2007) －－0Effect of transversely isotropic soil on settlement of buildings XIAO Ren-cheng1, ZHAO Xi-hong2 (1.Department of Civil Engineering Nanhua University Hengyang 421001 China; 2. Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China) Abstract: The parameters of transversely isotropic soil are obtained from the conventional triaxial compression tests. In order to study the effect of transversely isotropic soil parameters on settlements of buildings, nine types of transversely isotropic soils taken from different countries are used. As a typical example, the interaction analysis of cross-wall structure and box foundation on transversely isotropic soil has been made and compared with the results on isotropic soil. In this example the structure is analyzed by using the double extended substructure (finite element) method and the transversely isotropic soil by the finite layer (element) method. The results show that the effect of transversely isotropic soil on settlement is somewhat different, especially for the soil parameters determined by the consolidated-undrained tests. It is expected that these conclusions are useful to the foundation designers. Key words: transversely isotropy; isotropy; settlement; interaction; substructure method; finite layer method 1 前 言 土层通常是成层状的，因此，许多学者一般都采用横观各向同性和弹性半空间理论模型来描述土层的这一性质，该观点也受到研究学者越来越多的关注。对于每一层土，在垂直于XOY平面的方向弹性对称的课题中，共有5个独立弹性参数：，，，和（图1）。Gazetas（1981年）汇总了横观各向同性土的有关参数[1]，提供有用的信息，便于研究横观各向同性参数对建筑物沉降的影响。张问清、赵锡宏和宰金珉（1982年）给出了横观各向同性层状弹性土体受任意力系统的理论分析解[2]。宰金珉、张问清和赵锡宏（1985年）分析了横观各向同性土体对结构-基础-土层的共同作用的影响[3]。本文分析研究了来自于不同国家和地区的9种横观各向同性土层参数对建筑物沉降的影响，以表明研究横观各向同性土特性的重要性。 2 参数的确定 2.1 室内试验 横观各向同性土层的5个独立弹性参数，，，和，有条件时，最宜通过真三轴压缩试验确定。但是，在常规三轴压缩试验中，使用垂直切土和横向切土（图2）也可以方便地确定这些参数。 图1 横观各向同性土层示意 Fig.1 Transversely isotropic layered soils (a) 垂直切土 (b) 水平切土 图2 室内试验 Fig.2 Laboratory test 本文所采用的试样是从上海某建筑工地6 m深的基坑中直接手工切块取样，将这些试样进行固结排水真三轴压缩试验。试样制备时，3个采用垂直切土，3个进行横向切土。土层性质列于表1，应力应变关系示于图3。 表1 土