2014届高考英语 阅读理解 2013暑假练习题一八.docVIP

2014高考英语阅读理解：2013暑假练习题（18）及答案解析 第二部分：阅读理解（第一节20小题，第二节5小题；每小题2分，满分50分） 第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。 （A） （文章选自China Daily题目原创） XIAN - Chinas conservation work for the endangered crested ibis（朱鹮is facing new challenges, including an increasing death rate due to inbreeding（同系繁殖）, and the conflict between the need to expand natural habitats and local communities economic interests, bird experts have warned. The crested ibis, once widespread in Japan, China, Russia and the Korean Peninsula, almost became extinct in the first half of the 20th century. Before 1981, when seven crested ibis were accidentally found in Yangxian county, in Northwest Chinas Shaanxi province, academics thought the species had been extinct in China for almost 17 years. Due to the huge effort put into species protection since 1981, the number of crested ibis in China has risen to an estimated 1,617, including 997 in the wild, the State Forestry Administration said at a meeting on crested ibis protection in Xian on Monday. However, although the ibis population exceeds 1,000, the birds are still not free from the threat of extinction, said Fang Shengguo, director of the State Conservation Center for Gene Resources of Endangered Wildlife at Zhejiang University. Ornithologists used inbreeding in the early stages of protection so that numbers of the precious birds could increase quickly, but that method had consequences, Fang said. Studies have proved that as a result of inbreeding, crested ibis have the lowest genetic diversity of all endangered birds, Fang said. It means a high death rate and more physical defects for hatched chicks. The government should collect genetic information from all crested ibis and establish a genetic database as soon as possible, then design a scientific mating plan for the species, Fang said. So far, about 90 percent of crested ibis live in Shaanxi province, and fewer than 140 ibis live in three zoos in other parts of the country, including Beiji