污染控制与墨西哥吸收外商直接投资：一个产业层面的分析外文翻译.docVIP

本科毕业论文外文翻译 外文题目：Pollution Control and Foreign Direct Investment in Mexico: An Industry-Level Analysis 出 处：Environmental and Resource Economics 作 者：Andreas Waldkirch and Munisamy Gopinath 译 文： Pollution Control and Foreign Direct Investment in Mexico: An Industry-Level Analysis Andreas Waldkirch and Munisamy Gopinath ABSTRACT Foreign direct investment (FDI) flows into developing countries have been increasing dramatically over the past decade. At the same time, there has been widespread concern that lax environmental standards are in part responsible for this surge. This paper revisits the question of the existence of a pollution haven effect by examining the extent to which the pollution intensity of production helps explain FDI in Mexico. We focus on pollution intensities, which are directly related to emission regulations, rather than unobservable pollution taxes and allow for substitution between capital and pollution. Examining several different pollutants, we find a positive correlation between FDI and pollution that is statistically and economically significant in the case of the highly regulated sulfur dioxide emissions. Industries for which the estimated relationship between FDI and pollution is positive receive up to 30% of total FDI and 30% of manufacturing output. Although we confirm the importance of Mexico’s comparative advantage in labor-intensive production processes, consistent with the previous literature, our results suggest that environmental considerations may matter as well for firms’ investment decisions. Introduction Concerns about the effects of environmental standards on trade and investment flows abound. There is much talk about a “race to the bottom”, where developing countries in particular are said to be increasing their competitive advantage in the world economy due to lower labor and environmental standards. Some in the developed world view the lower standa