潘陆风格比较.pdfVIP

论 文 摘 要 陆机和潘岳是西晋文学的代表人物，他们的创作代表着西晋文学的一般风 尚。但两人的创作风格、特点并不完全相同，在时代的共性中存在着个性的差异。 深入比较分析两人的创作特点，对于进一步了解西晋文学的一般情况，还是有一 定的意义的。 前人对潘陆早有“陆深潘浅”“潘江陆海”之评，本文第一部分即以此为契 入点，从文学体裁、主题取向、缘情特点、文体语言等不同的层面对潘、陆的作 品作了深入的比较分析，探讨两者于共性中显示出的差异：从文学体裁来看，陆 机创作颇丰，各体兼擅，尤以诗歌成就突出；而潘岳的成就则主要在赋和哀诔之 文。在主题取向上，潘岳作品多对个人情感生活和仕途进退的关切，情怀甚为狭 小；陆机则有由个人、家族而上升到社会人生的理性思考，境界较为阔大。在缘 情特点上，潘岳多直抒胸臆，且落笔于具体的人和事，因而给人以情深之感；而 陆机则因内心情感的多元复杂而更注重于对人生作宏观的思考，理思的成分较为 浓厚，更由于注重词藻的华丽，物象的繁密，因而给人以但工涂泽，少见性情之 感。从文体语言来看，潘岳和陆机都以辞采华美著称，但陆机更刻意追求语言的 富赡、典雅，表现出繁缛的特点，潘岳的作品则比较浅切明畅，表现出“清绮” 的风貌。同时，任何作家的创作风格的形成，都不是偶然的，既和他所处的时代 的审美趣味和时代风格相熏陶，更和作家主体的个性气质息息相关。因此，本文 的第二部分主要从时代风格和潘、陆个性特征两方面，来探析造成潘、陆风格差 异的原因。西晋文学在崇尚绮靡、缛丽的主风尚外，尚存在着崇尚清省的一面， 前者的主要代表是陆机，潘岳则偏向于后者；陆机的“矜重”和潘岳的“轻敏” 对他们作品的情感、艺术表现有重要影响。 关键词：潘岳 陆机 比较 3 Abstract Lu Ji and Pan Yue were the representative figures of the literature of the West Jin Dynasty, whose works represented the common style of that era. However, they had not the absolutely same writing manners and characteristics, in another word, there were individual differences among the era commonness. It is of some significance to compare their writing characteristics deeply, if we try to comprehend the literature of that era. Predecessors had already said, ‘Lu’s works are deep, whereas Pan’s are shallow. ’ The first part of the thesis will compare their works around the comment from types of literature, themes chosen, emotional peculiarities and language styles to analyze their differences. Compared from types of literature, Lu had written plenty of works and was expert in variety types, among which he made great achievements in poems. Pan’s major achievements was made in descriptive prose and lament poesy. Compared from themes chosen, Pan mostly concentrated on the individual emotion and life as well as the officia