外来务工者外文翻译.docVIP

外文翻译 原文Migrant Workers Material Source：Zhe China Business And Social Sustainability Check pp.41-42 Author：Mads Holst Jensen, Lorelou Desjardins and Jessica Yeh In China, more than 150 million members of the work force are natives of rural areas who have migrated to the cities to find work, primarily in low-skilled, labour-intensive, export-oriented sectors. Because of the Chinese household registration system (户口, hukou), these internal migrants are more vulnerable than other workers, as this system prevents them from enjoying the same rights as urban Chinese citizens.Hukou refers to the Chinese system of residency permits. It consists of an official household registration record that identifies each Chinese citizen as a resident of an area and includes identifying information such as name, date of birth and names of parents and spouse. Chinese citizens have to be registered with the local public security bureau, and they can have only one place of permanent registration. Thus, those seeking employment in urban areas away from their place of permanent registration must obtain temporary registration or a residency permit, which is the legal basis for residence and the key basis of legal identity. This permit is necessary in order to work, rent housing, open a bank account, enter public buildings (e.g.libraries) and receive registered mail, and also serves as personal identification. Migrant workers (农民工nongmingong) and their accompanying dependents who lack adequate residency status cannot access health care, education or other social benefits because they are not registered in the area where they work. By implication, the situation of Chinese migrant workers corresponds to the definition, as stated in relevant UN documents and ILO conventions, of an international migrant worker in terms of vulnerability to discrimination in employment, inadequate or lack of legal status and denial of social services to which they and their accompanying dependents are entitled.