测定路易斯安那州西南海鲜和鱼类的金属含量外文翻译.docVIP

外文翻译 原文 Determination of Metals in Seafood and Fish in Southwest Louisiana Material Source: Applied Spectroscopy Reviews,42:23–42,2007 Author: Sneddon Seafood and fish remain a major source of food for much of the world. It also has a major economical impact for many countries and regions. An example of this from the geographical area of the authors of this review highlights this: Louisiana is one of the most productive estuaries in the continental United States in the commercial production of shrimp, menhaden (fish), oysters, crayfish (also known as crawfish and crawdads), crab, mussels, and other marine species. It also has a growing and significant population of alligators. Alligator meat is now readily available in Louisiana. Louisiana is also known as a “Sportsman Paradise” because of the large recreational fishing as well as significant commercial fishing. For example, the shrimp industry is worth over three hundred and fifty million dollars per year and the crayfish industry in excess of one hundred million dollars per year in Louisiana. The discovery of oil and gas in the coastal zone in the United States has led to large-scale drilling both on shore and in the Gulf of Mexico region. During the 1940s, refining of fossil fuels and production of chemicals became a national emergency and a number of locations in Louisiana (as well as other geographical regions in this general area) were chosen to develop this industry. This area was chosen because of its abundance of fresh- water, deep-water ports and remoteness from imminent attack. The need to produce these products and the absence of environmental regulations led to widespread metal (and organic) pollution. Since the early 1970s stronger regu- lations and quicker response have been in place for accidental spills of chemicals, refined chemicals, and oil. These spills can pollute the waters, soils, and sediments, which are the main feeding grounds of the wildlife and seafood and can enter t