外文翻译-工程故障分析.docVIP

外 文 翻 译 班级：09机制4班 学号：姓名:刘晓冕 指导教师：俞高红 教授 Engineering failure analysis Abstract The scale and complexity of computer-based safety critical systems, like those used in the transport and manufacturing industries, pose significant challenges for failure analysis. Over the last decade, research has focused on automating this task. In one approach, predictive models of system failure are constructed from the topology of the system and local component failure models using a process of composition. An alternative approach employs model-checking of state automata to study the effects of failure and verify system safety properties. In this paper, we discuss these two approaches to failure analysis. We then focus on Hierarchically Performed Hazard Origin Propagation Studies (HiP-HOPS) ?one of the more advanced compositional approaches ?and discuss its capabilities for automatic synthesis of fault trees, combinatorial Failure Modes and Effects Analyses, and reliability versus cost optimisation of systems via application of automatic model transformations.We summarise these contributions and demonstrate the application of HiP-HOPS on a simplified fuel oil system for a ship engine. In light of this example, we discuss strengths and limitations of the method in relation to other state-of-the-art techniques. In particular,because HiP-HOPS is deductive in nature, relating system failures back to their causes, it is less prone to combinatorial explosion and can more readily be iterated. For this reason, it enables exhaustive assessment of combinations of failures and design optimisation using computationally expensive meta-heuristics. 1. Introduction Increasing complexity in the design of modern engineering systems challenges the applicability of rule-based design and classical safety and reliability analysis techniques. As new technologies introduce complex failure modes, classical manual analysis of systems becomes increasingly difficult and error prone.To addre