遮荫对小麦旗叶光合及叶绿素荧光特性影响.docVIP

遮荫对小麦旗叶光合及叶绿素荧光特性的影响 牟会荣，姜 东，戴廷波，荆 奇，曹卫星 （南京农业大学农业部作物生长调控重点开放实验室江苏省信息农业高技术研究重点实验室，南京 210095Effect of Shading on Photosynthesis and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characters in Wheat Flag Leaves MU Hui-rong, JIANG Dong, DAI Ting-bo, JING Qi, CAO Wei-xing (College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture / Hi-Tech Key Laboratory of Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095) Abstract: 【Objective】Study the effect of long term shading on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence in flag leaves. 【Method】Four winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L) varieties, Yangmai 158, Yangmai 11, Nainong 9918, and Nainong 02Y393, were used, obstruction of about 22% and 33% of the total incident photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) to the canopy between jointing and maturity was made. 【Result】Shading showed little on flag leaf SPAD value of shading-resistant variety Yangmai 158 and Nannong 02Y393 while decreased Soil-Plant Analyses Development (SPAD) value of shading-sensitive variety Yangmai 11 and Nannong 9918 during the early grain filling stage. However, shading significantly increased leaf SPAD value at late grain filling stage for all varieties. Shading decreased flag leaf net photosynthetic rate (Pn), photosynthetic system II (PSⅡ) actual photochemical efficiency (ΦPSⅡ), photochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence (qP) and dry matter accumulation, while increased leaf original fluorescence (Fo) and maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm). 【Conclusion】 shading conditions, the low Pn of flag leaves is related to decrease of ΦPSII and qP, and thereafter, the dry matter accumulation in plant. Key words: Shading; Photosynthesis; Chlorophyll fluorescence; Dry matter accumulation 0 引言 【研究意义】长江中下游麦区是国小麦主产区之一，该区小麦生育后期常遭遇高温、干旱、阴雨寡照等不良气候条件。多年气象资料分析结果表明，长江中下游麦区小麦生长季节阴湿寡照天气正逐年增多，尤其是生育中后期，光照时数明显减少，导致小麦气候产量自20世纪90年代以来已呈明显下降趋势[]。遮荫对小麦产量的影响已有报，[2]研究发现，花后10～15 d开始实施遮荫处理，遮荫期间带穗植株茎的非结构性碳水化合物干重减少量达290～140