毕业论文--不同端基PBS的合成及与天然色素复合后抗菌性的研究.doc

不同端基PBS的合成及与天然色素复合后抗菌性的研究 摘 要 为了弥补现今合成色素市场中有毒物质排放，本文从三种具有有效抗菌成分的植物黄芩、虎杖和五倍子中提取天然色素，将其与PBS复合，赋予可生物降解材料PBS以美丽的色彩及较好的抗菌效果。PBS-OH和PBS-COOH能提高天然色素与PBS的相容性。 本文以1,4-丁二酸和1,4丁二醇为原料，通过调节反应物的比例得到了PBS-OH和PBS-COOH，用傅里叶变换红外光谱和核磁共振方法对不同端基PBS的结构进行了表征，采用GPC测定了不同端基PBS的相对分子质量及其分布。本文还将不同端基的PBS与三种天然色素以不同的比例复合得到色素膜，采用热重分析和万能实验机测定了色素膜的热稳定性和力学性能，并研究了各种色素膜的抗菌性。 关键词：聚丁二酸丁二醇酯；端基；天然色素；抗菌性 Synthesis of PBS with Different End-group and Study on Antimicrobial of their Complex with Natural Pigment ABSTRACT In order to compensate for the emission of toxic substance in synthetic pigments market nowadays, natural pigments were extracted from three kinds of plants with effective antibacterial ingredient: Sastellaria baicalensis, Polygonum cuspidatum and Galla Chinensis, blended into the biodegradable poly(butylenes succinate) (PBS). Meanwhile, PBS exhibited an outstanding antibacterial activity and beautiful colors. PBS-OH and PBS-COOH may improve the compatibility of natural pigments with PBS. In this paper, PBS which had different end-group were synthesized by adjusuting ratio of reactants, succinic acid and 1,4-butanediol. Chemical structure of PBS with different end-group was characterized by means of FTIR and 1HNMR. Relative molecular mass and its distribution were measured by GPC. Additionally, color films were prepared by blending three kinds of natural pigment in different ratio into PBS with different end-group. Thermal and mechanical properties were tested with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and universal testing machine. Antibacterial activities of all color films were also explored. KEYWORDS: Poly(butylenes succinate); End-group; Natural Pigment; Antimicrobial 1 综述 1.1高分子材料的简介 20世纪出现的新材料-合成高分子材料以年产量超过1．4亿吨成为人类使用量最大的材料品种。随着人类迈入21世纪，在合成材料方面至少面临两方面挑战：其一，作为合成材料的主要原料，石油已面临枯竭，人类必须寻找一种能弥补甚至替代石油原料的新的合成材料体系；其二，目前称之为“白色污染”的问题远未根本解决，大量塑料废弃物的焚烧引起的环境污染已更深层次的影响着地球的生态平衡。从这个意义上讲，具有可生物降解性的新型脂肪族聚酯材料极有可能成为新的环保“绿色材料”。目前研究的可生物降解聚合物中，有一大类是聚酯。其主链大都由脂肪族结构单元通过易水解的酯键连接而成。由于其主链柔顺，因而易被生物界中多种微生物或动物体内酶分解、代谢，最终生成二氧化碳