毕业论文--不同亲本数目的中间球海胆群体遗传结构分析.doc

毕业论文 不同亲本数目的中间球海胆群体遗传结构分析 学 生 姓 名： 指导教师： 专业名称： 所在学院： 2010年6月 目 录 摘 要 I Abstract II 第一章 前 言 1 第二章 材料与方法 3 2.1 实验材料 3 2.2 实验方法 3 2.2.1 DNA提取 3 2.2.2 PCR扩增 3 2.3 数据统计与分析5 第三章 实验结果 6 3.1 微卫星扩增位点分析6 3.2 各位点等位基因情况7 3.3 遗传多样性分析9 第四章 讨 论 10 4.1 海胆幼虫DNA提取方法的优势10 4.2 海胆遗传学研究现状 10 致 谢12 参考文献 13  摘 要 本实验利用10对微卫星引物，对由不同亲本数目所产生的中间球海胆（Strongylocentrotus intermedius）群体进行了遗传结构分析。实验所用的两个海胆群体分别来源于7个（命名为P7）和3个亲本(命名为P3)，P7群体取100只个体，P3群体取样50只。所有海胆稚胆期采用直接裂解法提取基因组DNA，裂解液直接进行微卫星扩增。结果表明：P3群体扩增出24个等位基因，平均有效等位基因数为1.9975±0.4209，平均香浓氏指数为0.7421±0.1984，平均奈氏杂合度为0.4796±0.1070，P7群体扩增出24个等位基因，平均有效等位基因数为1.9768±0.5733，平均香浓氏指数为0.7228±0.2669，平均奈氏杂合度为0.4543±0.1565；所有遗传学指标在两个群体间没有显著差异。该研究首次建立了中间球海胆稚胆的固定、DNA提取方法并对结果进行了PCR扩增验证，研究结果丰富了中间球海胆分子遗传学内容。 关键词：中间球海胆，亲本数目，遗传学，微卫星  Abstract 10 pairs of microsatellite primers were used to analyze the genetic structure of the two Strongylocentrotus intermedius populations which were produced by different parental numbers. 100 individuals derived from 7 parents (named P7) and 50 from 3 parents (named P3) were subjected to microsatellite analysis. DNA of juvenile urchins was isolated from direct lysis and the lysis buffer were directly amplified. Results showed that: 24 alleles in total were detected in P3 population, the means of effective number of alleles, Shannon’s index and Neis expected heterozygosis were 1.9975±0.4209, 0.7421±0.1984 and 0.4796±0.1070. 24 alleles were detected in P7 population, the means of effective number of alleles, Shannon’s index and Neis expected heterozygosis were 1.9768±0.5733, 0.7228±0.2669 and 0.4543±0.1565. All of the genetic indexes between the two groups were not significantly different. This research was the first try of tissue fixation, DNA isolation and PCR amplification of juvenile sea urchin, and the results enriched the content of molecular genetics of sea urchin. Key words: Strongylocentrotus intermedius, parental stock size, genetics, micros