混凝土中钢腐蚀的有关问题--外文翻译.doc

外文原文II: Some questions on the corrosion of steel in concrete. Part Ⅱ: Corrosion mechanism and monitoring, service life prediction and protection methods J.A. Gonzdlez , S. Felifd, P. Rodffguez , W. Lfpez , E. Ramlrez , C. Alonso , C. Andrade ABSTRACT This second part addresses some important issues that remain controversial despite the vast amounts of work devoted to investigating corrosion in concrete-embedded steel. Specifically,these refer to: 1) the relative significance of galvanic macrocouples and corrosion microcells in reinforced concrete structures; 2) the mechanism by which reinforcements corrode in an active state; 3) the best protective methods for preventing or stopping reinforcement corrosion; 4) the possibility of a reliable prediction of the service life of a reinforced concrete structure ; and 5) the best corrosion measurement and control methods. The responses provided are supported by experimental results, most of which were obtained by the authors themselves. 1. INTRODUCTION Concrete-embedded steel is known to remain in apassive state under normal conditions as a result of the highly alkaline pH of concrete. The passivity of reinforcements ensures unlimited durability of reinforced concrete (1KC) structures. However, there are some exceptional conditions that disrupt steel passivity and cause reinforcements to be corroded in an active state. This has raised controversial interpretations, some of which were discussed in Part I of this series [1]. This Part II analyses though far from exhaustively, other - to the authors minds at least - equally interesting issues on which no general consensus has been reached. 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS The reader is referred to Part I for a detailed description of the materials and methods used in this work. Most of the experimental results discussed herein were obtained with the same types of specimens and slabs.Galvanic couples were determined on speciallydesigned specimens, such as those shown in Figs. 1 and