高速电主轴热态性能及其影响研究﹡.pdfVIP

期 高速电主轴热态性能及其影响研究﹡ 陈小安 刘俊峰 合 烨 张 朋 单文桃 (重庆大学机械传动国家重点实验验室, 重庆 400044) 摘要：高速电主轴作为高速机床的核心部件，其热稳定性影响着机床的加工精度。为有效预测并控制电主轴运转过程中的热 态性能及其对主轴动态特性的影响，建立一种考虑系统热响应和预紧方式影响的角接触球轴承热—机耦合动力学模型，分析 运行状态下主轴轴承的摩擦损耗及动态支承刚度，并应用电磁学理论讨论实际输入功率下内置电动机的电磁损耗；确定系统 产热和热边界条件后，制定电主轴整体热—机动力学行为计算流程，最后对 120MD60Y6 型号电主轴展开温升试验，获取主 轴关键部位温度变化规律。同时，理论计算和试验结果表明：本文所建模型及分析流程具有足够的精度；轴承热位移对不同 轴承配置的支承刚度和不同工况下系统的固有频率有着不同的影响；进行合理的轴承配置、选择合适润滑油量以及增加冷却 水流量均可有效改善电主轴热态性能。 关键词：高速电主轴 角接触球轴承 内置电动机 热态性能 固有频率 中图分类号：TH133 Research on the Thermal properties of High Speed Motorized Spindle and Their Effect CHEN Xiaoan LIU Junfeng HE Ye ZHANG Peng SHAN Wentao (The State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044) Abstract ：The thermal stability of high speed motorized spindles, which work as core components of high speed machine tools, plays an important role in machining accuracy. To predict and control the thermal properties of motorized spindles under work condition and their effect on the dynamic characteristics effectively, a bearing thermo-mechanical dynamic model which takes preload methods and thermal responses into account is presented, and then friction loss and support stiffness of the bearing are analyzed. Meanwhile, the electromagnetic loss of built-in motor with actual input power is investigated with the use of electromagnetism. Based on the analysis of heat generation and heat convection boundary condition, a solution procedure is designed to analyze the comprehensive thermo-mechanical dynamic behaviors of the motorized spindle. Finally, an overall temperature rise test on a 120MD60Y6-type motorized spindle is carried out to acquire t