不同水稻品种抑制杂草潜力的田间评价.pdfVIP

中国农业科学 2010,43(5):965-971 Scientia Agricultura Sinica doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2010.05.010 不同水稻品种抑制杂草潜力的田间评价 李 贵，吴竞仑，王一专，刘丽萍 （江苏省农业科学院植物保护研究所，南京 210014 ） 摘要：【目的】筛选具有较强抑制杂草特性的主栽水稻品种，探索以水稻杂草生态关系为基础的水稻田杂草 生态管理技术。【方法】采用田间小区试验方法，建立各水稻品种与稗草、莎草科杂草和阔叶杂草的生物群落， 定量分析各水稻品种对田间杂草的抑制效果。【结果】两优华6号移栽后即表现出较强的抑制稗草、莎草科杂草和 阔叶杂草的能力。移栽后 50 d 大多数水稻品种对稗草萌发的抑制率为 79.14%—88.84%，对稗草干重的抑制率为 84.44%—90.23%，但对阔叶杂草的抑制作用差异较大，两优932和PI312777表现出较强的抑制所有杂草萌发、生 长和干物质积累的作用，移栽后50 d对杂草发生株数的抑制率超过80%，对杂草干重抑制率达85%—90%。同时供 试水稻品种对总草干重抑制率和对稗草干重抑制率具有相同趋势。【结论】筛选具有较强抑制杂草特性的主栽水稻 品种并应用于生产实践具有良好的可行性和较强的实际意义，利用分蘖性强、长势旺盛、群体整齐度好等农艺性 状的水稻品种将有利于稻田杂草生态管理策略的完善。 关键词：水稻品种；抑制作用；杂草；评价 Field Evaluation of Suppressive Effect of Different Rice Varieties on Weeds in Paddy Field LI Gui, WU Jing-lun, WANG Yi-zhuan, LIU Li-ping (Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014) Abstract: 【Objective 】 Field experiments were conducted to screen out rice varieties with higher suppressive ability against weeds, and to explore the ecological weed management technics based on ecological relationship of rice and weeds. 【Method 】 Biological community of rice and weeds including barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crusgalli(L.) Beauv], sedge and broad leaved weeds were established, and the suppressive effect of different rice cultivars on weeds were analyzed quantitatively. 【Result 】Liangyouhua 6 demonstrated suppressive effect on barnyardgrass, sedge and broad leaved weeds soon after rice transplanting. The suppressive effects of most tested rice varieties on barnyardgrass germination and dry weight were 79.14%-88.84% and 84.44%-90.23%, respective