【纺织工程专业】【毕业设计+开题报告+文献综述】 聚偏氟乙烯中空纤维膜的制备及结构性能的研究.doc

（20届） 毕业论文（设计） 聚偏氟乙烯中空纤维膜的制备及结构性能的研究 摘要：聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)中空纤维膜是新发展起来的一种特种纤维品种，该纤维特点是化学稳定性好、机械强度高、抗吸附污染型好、耐紫外线老化、分离透过通量高、装填密度大，是中空纤维分离膜中的一种新型高效品种，其在水净化和污水处理领域中的应用日益广泛。 本论文在分析国外优质中空纤维膜结构的基础上，选用聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮(PVP)、聚乙二醇200(PEG200)为添加剂，采用浸没沉淀相转化法制备中空纤维膜，通过改变聚合物浓度、添加剂种类、添加剂含量、空气放置时间、凝固浴温度等方法调控膜结构。研究发现，添加剂和凝固浴温度对膜结构影响较大，添加剂含量越大，膜截面海绵状越明显；凝固浴温度越高，膜表面孔也增大，但有一极值。分别通过扫描电镜(SEM)、膜的纯水通量、孔隙率与拉伸强度等表征了聚偏氟乙烯膜的结构与性能，系统研究膜结构与性能的内在关系，进一步优化铸膜液组成与成膜条件。 关键词：聚偏氟乙烯、中空纤维膜、制备  Preparation and of Polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane Abstract：Polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF) hollow fiber membrane is the new developed a kind of special fiber varieties, This fiber characteristic is the chemical stability, high mechanical strength, good resistance to adsorption polluting, ultraviolet radiation resistant aging, separation through flux high, large loading density, the hollow fiber membrane is a new type of high varieties in water purification, its application and sewage disposal of increasing. By studying the influence of the compositions and conditions on the morphology and performance of PVDF hollow fiber membrane, the relationship of morphology and performance of the membrane is acquired. On the basis of analyzing the morphology of the clinical PVDF homodialysis membranes, polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP), PEG(200) were used as the additives and immerse phase inversion was used as membranes preparation method. The morphology of the membrane was controlled by changing the concentration of PVDF, kinds of additive, concentration of additive, air setting time, temperature of coagulation bath and so on. It was found that the membrane morphologies were changed by additive and the temperature of coagulation bath obviously. Pure water flux, scanning electron microscopy(SEM) were used to characterize the morphology and performance of the membranes. Keywords: Polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF), Hollow fiber membrane, Manufacture 目录 一 绪论 1 1.1 概述 1 1.2 聚合物中空纤维膜的制备方法 2 1.2.1溶液相转化法 2 1.2.2熔融纺丝法 2 1.3相转换法制备聚偏氟乙