英语标点符号与书面表达[原创][特约][征稿].docVIP

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英语标点符号与书面表达[原创][特约][征稿].doc

英语标点符号与书面表达 标点符号虽小,却是书面表达不可缺少的一个重要组成部分。正确使用了标点符号,有助于读者分清结构,辨明语气,更好地理解文意;用得好还能使你写的文章熠熠生辉,富有感染力。因此,我们在书面表达时,必须重视标点符号的正确使用。 英语中的标点符号和汉语的标点符号在使用上有很多相同之处,但亦有一些区别。现将英语中常用的几种标点符号简介如下: 一、句号 (full stop [英] period [美]) 句号表示陈述句末尾的停顿。 We’ve got to do something about pollution. It’s getting worse. 句号也用在缩写或简写词的词尾,如 Prof. Brown等。 注意英语句号必须用实点“.”,而不是小圆圈。 二、逗号 (comma) 逗号表示句子内部的一般性停顿。 The more you listen to English, the easier it becomes. 书信末尾Yours truly之后需用逗号。书写日期、地址时,也常用逗号,如: Marie Curie was born in Warsaw, Poland, on November 7th, 1886. 三、问号 (question mark) 问号表示疑问句末尾的停顿。 Is there anything the matter? How are you getting on with your English lessons? 有的句子虽然有疑问词“who”“how”等,但全句并不是疑问句,末尾不用问号,如: What had caused the forest fire was still unknown. 四、冒号(colon) 冒号表示提示性话语之后的停顿,冒号后的内容相当于冒号前面的一个词或更多的词,其主要用途是阐明、解释或提起下文。 There are other ways to advertise: cinema, magazine and newspapers. Some of the games in which the young men completed were: running, jumping and wrestling. 但有人认为动词之后最好不要用冒号来引出列举的事物,后一句应改为: Some of the games in which the young men completed were running, jumping and wrestling. 五、引号(quotation marks) 引号标明文中直接引用的话。 “Take these flowers,” suggested Helen, “and give them to your mother.” 引号还用来表明需要着重论述的对象或具有特殊含义的词语。 We fill our cars with “gas”, which is American, but we turn on the “tap”, which is British English. 引号也常用来表示文章、电影等的标题。 One of the Charlie Chaplin’s most famous film was “The Gold Rush”. 六、感叹号 (exclamation mark [英] exclamation point [美]) 感叹号表示感叹句末尾的停顿。 What a lot of invitations to send out! 语气强烈的祈使句或陈述句末尾也用感叹号。 Just look at his clothes! I have lost everything! 但我们在书面表达时,要尽量少用感叹号,因为很多人认为滥用感叹号是写作不老练的一种标志。 七、分号(semicolon) 分号表示复句内部并列分句之间的停顿,用来代替并列连接词and,but或or等。 People want to buy the latest newspaper;nobody wants to buy yesterday’s. 分号还可表示长句中各个独立的意思单位。 He had a dog, which I liked; a goldfish, which I ignored; and a cat, which I hated and which hated me. 注意:分号后的句子第一个字母不大写。 八、括号(parentheses) 括号标明行文中注释性的话。 The FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) has wo

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