高中英语Unit 15 Lesson 4《Understanding》教学指导 北师大版 必修5.docVIP

Unit?15?Lesson?4教学指导 1.过去分词作定语. 单个过去分词作定语时置于所修饰的名词前,而过去分词短语作定语则要后置,相当于一个定语从句. Eg : I have his written promise. The plan discussed at yesterday’s meeting is of great value. 及物动词的过去分词在作定语时,表示被动和完成意义,而不及物动词的过去分词仅表示动作已经完成,但不表被动. Eg : We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions. The ground was covered with fallen leaves. 有些过去分词短语作后置定语时,不紧跟在所修饰的名词之后,而是被一个逗号隔开,其作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句,只是对所修饰的名词作一些附加说明,不起修饰或限制作用. Eg: The substance, discovered by accident, has revolutionized medicine. ? 2.there be句型的几个重要作用. 当主语由多个部分组成时,be与最近的那个部分一致. Eg: There is a pen,two pencils and three books on the desk. be位置上还可以换用seem,stand,lie等有实际意义的动词. Eg: There seems to be rain this afternoon, doesn’t there? There used to be a hospital here,didn’t there? There be结构的独立主格是 there being+n. Eg: There being no bus, we had to walk home. There be结构的主语用不定式作定语时,主动,被动两种形式均可,含义差别不大. Eg: There is nothing to do/to be done today. ? 3.部分动词后跟不定式或-ing形式作宾语时含义大不相同,现归纳如下: stop to do sth.停止正做的事去做别的事 stop doing sth.停下手中正做的事 ? remember to do sth.记住要做某事 remember doing sth.记住做过某事 ? forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 forget doing sth忘记去做某事 ? go on to do sth.转向做另一件事 go on doing sth.继续做一直做的事 ? regret to do sth.为将要做的事感到遗憾 regret doing sth.为做过的事感到后悔 ? try to do sth.尽力做某种困难的事 try doing sth.试着做某事 ? mean to do sth.意欲,打算做某事 mean doing sth.意味着,意思是 ? allow/permit/advise sb.to do sth.允许/建议某人做某事 allow/permit/advise doing sth.允许/建议做某事 ? 4.so…that…与such…that.. 在so…that结构中的so为副词,后面跟形容词或副词,such…that中的such为形容词,后面接名词. 当that前的名词有表示数量多少的many,much,few,little等修饰时,只能用so,不能用much. 但若名词前的little解释为”小的”意思时,则仍用such,而不能用so. 当that前是单数可数名词且该名词前面有形容词修饰时,二者so+adj.+aan+n.=such+a/an+adj.+n.可以互换. 当that前是不可数名词或复数可数名词时,则必须用such Eg: He became so angry that he couldn’t speak. It was such a fine day that we went out for a walk. There was so much noise outside that we couldn’t hear the teacher. He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over. It is such a little sheep that it can’t run fast. She is so good a teacher that we all love her. It was such fine weather that