电子信息工程专业外文翻译---计算机数控.docVIP

外文原文： CNC What is CNC? CNC is short for “Computer Numeric Control” which is how a computer talks to a milling machine to control its movements to cut the part you design. The language it uses is called “g-code”, which is a series of instructions that, combined with X, Y and Z coordinates denotes direction, speeds and key points of the shape to be cut. In the past, for example, even the most skilled machinist would have a problem cutting a circle because both the X and Y handwheels would have to be cranked at the same time at constantly varying rates at the same time. The computer, however, has no trouble doing this, and a complicated shape can be cut just as easily as a straight line. The advantage of CNC beyond cutting difficult 3D shapes is that once the program is written and the holding fixtures made, multiple identical parts can be made rapidly. CNC MILLING Computer Numerical Control (CNC) Milling is the most common form of CNC. CNC mills can perform the functions of drilling and often turning. CNC Mills are classified according to the number of axes that they possess. Axes are labeled as x and y for horizontal movement, and z for vertical movement, as shown in this view of a manual mill table. A standard manual light-duty mill (such as a Bridgeport?) is typically assumed to have four axes: Table x. Table y. Table z. Milling Head z. The number of axes of a milling machine is a common subject of casual shop talk and is often interpreted in varying ways. We present here what we have seen typically presented by manufacturers. A five-axis CNC milling machine has an extra axis in the form of a horizontal pivot for the milling head, as shown below. This allows extra flexibility for machining with the end mill at an angle with respect to the table. A six-axis CNC milling machine would have another horizontal pivot for the milling head, this time perpendicular to the fifth axis. ? CNC milling machines are traditionally programmed using a set of commands known a