“我思”：萨特早期思想的一个重要概念.pdfVIP

内容摘要 自笛卡尔提出“我思”思想以来，众多哲学理论都以对其重新解释和批判 为起点。萨特同样如此，他的早期意识哲学理论正是源自于对“我思”的改造中， 此种改造不仅确立了萨特在现象学的重要地位，同时早期的核心思想也贯穿于他 理论发展的始终。因此对于其早期思想的研究，无论对于现象学的发展亦或对其 本人理论的理解都有着至关重要的意义。全文总共分为三个部分： 第一章 通过对笛卡尔到胡塞尔 “我思”思想的论述，表明 “我思”思想为 何会导向一种先验意识领域的过渡，以及先验意识领域所存有的必然性。 第二章 通过对萨特 “我思”改造的具体分析，以试图达到一个无自我的先 验意识领域，同时表明萨特对反思前的意识领域的深化，即他的反思前的我思思 想。 第三章 论述的即笔者从意识统一的角度，对萨特 “我思”理论所面临困境 给予的一种反思回答。 萨特对 “我思”的改造有其理论深度以及对现象学意识理论的重要贡献，但 也存在着挑战和不足，因此需要我们更进一步的探究。 关键字： “我思”，反思前的我思，自身意识，意识的统 V ABSTRACT Since the “cogito” thought was discussed by Descartes, lots of philosophers start their theoretical research through reinterpretation or criticism to the “cogito” thought. It is not exception of Sartre, his early philosophical theory is exactly transform from the thought of cogito. This kind of transformation establish not onlytheimportantstatusinphenomenology of Sartre,but alsothetheoreticalbasis about his theory development. So the research of his early theory , having an important significance ofthe development ofphenomenology andunderstanding of hiswholetheoreticalsystem.Thispaperwilldivideintothreeparts: The first chapter Through discussthe thought of “cogito” fromDescartes to ： Husserl, this chapter will show the change from “cogito” thought to the field of transcendental consciousness, and the necessity of the being of transcendental consciousnessdomain. Thesecondchapter ：Throughanalyzethechangeof“cogito”thoughtbySartre, this paper want to achieve a field of transcendental consciousness without ego, and have a deeperreaserch about the field ofpre-reflective consciencethat discussedby Sartre,aboutthereaserchofpre-reflectivecogito. Thethirdchapter ：Thischapterwillgiveasolutionaboutthedilemmafacedby thecogitothoughtofSartrethatbasisontheviewofunityofconsciousness. The “cogito” thought of S