权力影响异性相似面孔评价的性别差异研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 一些研究表明自我相似面孔作为基因显型的亲缘线索能够影响人们的社会 判断和决策，尤其与亲缘选择和配偶选择行为密切相关。自我相似面孔可以提高 人们在亲缘选择中的自我偏好，同时也对择偶行为产生影响。而择偶行为和亲缘 选择行为作为人类演化过程中不断进化的自适应策略，在两性不同的生物角色、 社会角色中存在很大的差异。因此本实验通过对权力感知的操控来分别探讨两性 在择偶行为和亲缘选择中对异性熟悉面孔的评价。在实验一中，男女被试被随机 分配在两种权力感知操纵条件下 （高权力和低权力），并要求完成对不同 自我相 似等级的异性面孔进行吸引力偏好迫选。结果发现，权力对女性在择偶中的自我 偏好产生影响，即在低权力情境中，女性明显偏好含有自我相似面孔的异性；而 在高权力情境中，女性的自我他人择偶偏好不明显。同时权力对男性的择偶偏好 无影响。同时验证了先前的研究，即与女性相比较，男性具有更好的亲缘线索识 别能力。在实验二中，以同样的方法对对两性在亲缘选择中的自我偏好进行研究， 结果发现，权力不影响人们在亲缘选择中的自我偏好，在两种权力感知条件下， 人们都更偏好自我。并且两性在亲缘选择中不存在性别差异。 关键词：自我相似面孔 择偶行为 亲缘选择 权力 I Abstract Several studies showed that self-resemblance face, as a genetic phenotype clues, influences people’s social judgments and decisions, especially in closely related kinship selection and mate choice. Self-facial resemblance can promote preference for self- resembling in kinship selection, its role in mate choice is quite controversy. Due to differences in the biological roles and social roles, there is a big difference in the sexes about mate choice and kinship selection, as evolving adaptive strategies in the course of human evolution. Therefore, through experimental manipulation of the power perception (high-power low-power), this study separately investigate people’s evaluation of familiar faces of the opposite sex in the mate choice and kinship selection. In Experiment 1, participants were randomly assigned to in both the low power and high context, and asked to complete the attractive preference forced choice in different degrees of self-resemblance and opposite sex faces. The results showed that power has an impact on women’ preference for self-resembling in mate choice, i.e. under conditions of low power, women face show grate preference for heterosexual self- resembling faces. In the context of high-power, womens self to ot