高中化学新人教版必修一 08年美国化学碱金属的性质与水反应教学课件.pptVIP

Reaction of Alkali Metals with Water Observations Answers to Questions 1-4 K was most reactive, Li was least. Li Na K Answers to Questions 5-7 Rb, Cs, or Fr is more reactive There is not one that is less reactive Litmus tested for hydroxide A flaming splint tested for hydrogen gas The K beaker did not react because the hydrogen was already used up Misconceptions Electrons are attracted to protons with an electrostatic force, not magnetism or gravity. K is not more reactive than Li because it has more electrons, it is because it’s outer electron is further from the nucleus. CO2 is not a product when a metal burns or when H2 burns, only when the original substance contains C. In this case H2 was burning and producing H2O. Excess N2 and no H2 (or O2) can explain the splint going out. Observations Answers to Questions 1-4 K was most reactive, Li was least (1) Li Na K Answers to Questions 5-7 Rb, Cs, or Fr is more reactive (1) There is not one that is less reactive (1) Litmus tested for hydroxide (1) A flaming splint tested for hydrogen gas (1) The K beaker did not react because the hydrogen was already used up (1) Flame floats/surface, melts, bubbles/moves/fizz Behaviour Nothing Pop Splint Blue/base Litmus Softest Softer Soft Hardness Shiny / Lustre Appear K Na Li The outer electron. Because positive and negative charges attract, but this attraction decreases with distance (like magnets). K was most reactive because it’s outer electron is further away and thus easier to remove. Li is least reactive because its outer electron is closer and harder to remove. 3 p+ 4 n0 2 1 11 p+ 12 n0 2 8 1 19 p+ 20 n0 2 8 8 1 Flame (1) floats/surface, melts, bubbles/moves/fizz (3) Behaviour Nothing (1) Pop (1) Splint Blue/base (1) Litmus Softest (1) Softer Soft Hardness Shiny / Lustre (1) Appear K Na Li Mark: /9 The outer electron (1). Because positive and negative charges attract, but this attractio