DOI综述孤独症谱系障碍康复研究进展.pdf

中国康复理论与实践2012 年11 月第18卷第11期 Chin J Rehabil Theory Pract, Nov. 2012, Vol. 18, No.11 - 1044 - DOI : 10.3969/j.issn. 1006-9771.2012.11.015 ·综述· 孤独症谱系障碍康复研究进展① 樊越波 [摘要] 孤独症谱系障碍是一类以社交沟通缺陷以及刻板行为为主要表现的发育性疾病群，主要以康复与特殊教育为主要治疗 手段。本文综述国际上主流干预方法及模式，指出我国仍处于单一方法引入及使用阶段，方法使用普遍欠规范。 [关键词] 孤独症；康复；综合干预；综述 Rehabilitation for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (review) FAN Yue-bo. Guangzhou Rehabilitation and Research Center for Children with ASD (Guangzhou Cana School), Guangzhou 510540, Guangdong, China, China Abstract: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is a spectrum of developmental disorders characterized by social deficits, communication impairments and stereotyped behaviors. Early intervention and specialized education services have been introduced as the most effective ap- proaches to treatment. After reviewing the effectiveness of a variety of international evidence-based approaches and educational models, this paper concluded that, while a comprehensive intervention system has been established abroad, China faces the challenge to introduce future innovative approaches from abroad. Key words: autism; rehabilitation; comprehensive intervention; review [中图分类号] R749.94 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1006-9771(2012) 11- 1044-03 [本文著录格式] 樊越波. 孤独症谱系障碍康复研究进展[J]. 中国康复理论与实践, 2012, 18( 11): 1044- 1046. 孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorders, ASD)是一类发 应性行为分解至儿童能掌握的具体动作细节，最后将这些动作 育性疾病群，患病率超过1%[1] ，男女比约为6~9 ∶1，病因未 细节用正向或反向连锁的方式串起来，形成有功能的适应性行 明，与遗传因素相关性高。患者主要表现为社交沟通障碍，即 为；②回合式，将训练根据指令、反应、强化、辅助、停顿5 不善于与人沟通，难以建立正常的社交关系，语言发育迟缓， 元素形成独立的回合进行训练。Peters-Scheffer 等所做的Meta 肢体语言单调；此外还表现出异常行为，如反复玩手、喜欢开 分析显示，ABA 在适应性行为、语言以及智商(IQ) 的提升上